Exercise 10: Acid Base Balance

EXERCISE 10 Acid-Base Balance learner Name ______________Student ID ______________ Student instructions Follow the step-by-step instructions for this compute nominate in your lab manual and record your answers in the spaces below. carry this completed document by the assignment due date found in the Syllabus. Re severalize this document to include your first and last name prior to submitting, e. g. Exercise10_JohnSmith. oc. Please make sure that your answers are typed in RED. (You whitethorn delete these instructions before submission. ) Grading True/False, Multiple-Choice, and Fill-in-the-blank type questions pull up stakes be value 1 point each whereas Short-answer type questions forget be worth 2 points each. This lab will be worth a total of 45 points but will be reborn to a percentage grade when registered in your Gradebook. ACTIVITY 1 Hyperventilation Answers A substance that dissolves in piddle to release hydrogen (H+) ions is a(n) _______. Acid Which of the purs ual is not a regulatory mechanism for vitriolic/base chemical equilibrium in the body? D Digestive System the kidneys the respiratory brass protein buffers the digestive system The maximum pH measured during hyperventilation was _______. 7. 58 The tidal volume (TV) when breathing at rest was ab kayoed _____ ml. The TV with hyperventilation was 3 about _____ ml. 4. list the radiation pattern ranges for pH and PCO2 in the birth. mo Pco2 40 Max Pco2 40 instant pH 7. 41 Max pH 7. 41 describe what happened to the pH and the carbon dioxide in the blood with hyperventilation. Min Pco2 take down to 25. 94 (well below normal) Min pH stayed around normal at 7. Explain how returning to normal breathing after hyperventilation differed from hyperventilation With straightforward hyperventilation the pH stayed within average and without returning to normal breathing. the carbon dioxide dismantleed tremendously. With the Hyperventilation then back to normal brea thing the carbon dioxide levels did not lower as much and the pH stayed around the normal zone as well. Describe some possible causes of respiratory alkalosis. serious cardiac swage ACTIVITY 2 Rebreathing In cases of acidosis, the pH of the blood is C less(prenominal) than 7. 35 Between 7. 4 and 7. 55 Between 7. 35 and 7. 45 Less than 7. 35 Greater than 7. 5 In this lab simulation, the negligible pH during rebreathing was _______. 7. 24 If a person is treated in a hospital emergency department by breathing in and out of a paper Rebreathing sack, this is a classic example of _________ to lower the blood pH. Hypoventilation results in C An accumulation of CO2 in the blood lightheadedness. numbness around the lips.Answer _________ an accumulation of CO2 in the blood. a total treatment for respiratory acidosis. Describe what happened to the pH and the PCO2 levels in the blood during rebreathing. Min pH lowered to 7. 24 Max pH raised to 7. 42 Min Pco2 stayed the similar at 40 Max Pco2 raised to 53. 02 Describe several possible causes of respiratory acidosis. airway obstructions or inadequate ventilation, overly possible from over production of Pco2 Explain how the renal system buttocks compensate for respiratory acidosis. the renal system compensates by retaining hco3 and excreting hydrogen ions ACTIVITY 3 Renal Responses to respiratory Acidosis and Respiratory Alkalosis When carbon dioxide (CO2) mixes with water in the blood stream, carbonic acid is formed. This Hydrogen carbonic acid laughingstock then dissociate into the _______ ion and the _______ ion. Bicarbonate When more CO2 is produced by the body than can be expired from the lungs, the pH of the blood business leaderC Decrease increase stay normal decrease any stay in the normal range or decrease. True or False The renal system is able to fully compensate for acidosis or alkalosis. True Describe what happened to the concentration of ions in th e urine when the blood PCO2 was lowered. H lessen HCO3 Increased What condition was simulated when the blood PCO2 was lowered? Alkalosis Describe what happened to the concentration of ions in the urine when the blood PCO2 was raised. H Increased HCO3 Decreased What condition was stimulated when the blood PCO2 was raised? Acidosis ACTIVITY 4 Respiratory Responses to Metabolic Acidosis and Metabolic Alkalosis The cellular gaseous waste product than can accumulate in the blood stream is ______ ______. Carbon Dioxide In this lab simulation, when the metabolic localise was increase to 80 kcal/hour, the pH of the blood C 7. 25 63 lowered to ______ because of an accumulation of _______ H+ in the blood. 7. 2 45 7. 30 42 7. 25 63 7. 09 92 When the metabolism was decreased, the progeny of breaths/minute _________ (increased, decreased, orDecreased remained the same). True or False In a hospital, the treatments for respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis are Fals e usually the same because these conditions are so similar. Describe what happened to the blood pH when the metabolic rate was increased to 80 kcal/hr. What The blood pH decreased to 7. 26, BPM increased tremendously, PCo2 body system was compensating? and also H increased as well. The HCO3 decreased. itemization and describe some possible causes of metabolic acidosis, i. e. how the acidosis is caused. Keto Acidosis A buildup of keto acids that result from diabetes mellitus Salicylate tipsiness a toxic condition resulting from ingestion of too much acetylsalicylic acid or oil of wintergreen, alcohol, or strenuous exercise. Describe what happened to the blood pH when the metabolic rate was decreased to 20 kcal/hr. What body system was compensating? slant and describe some possible causes of metabolic alkalosis, i. e. how the alkalosis is caused. Ingestion of alkali, vomiting, constipation