History 20th century america Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

History 20th century america - Movie study ExampleAll this helps better understand why film is such a valuable ascendant which, if properly analyzed, can uncover a lot of information about the historical period when it was created. inwardly the majority of modern western cultures there are films that are traditionally perceived as formation national cinematographies. In the United States there can be found many such cautionary films as well. But few other movies can rival such acknowledged masterpieces as The render of a Nation, filmed by D. W. Griffith and premiered in 1915, and Gone With the curve, produced by 1939 by reconciling effort of David O. Selznick and Victor Fleming. Being separated by almost a quarter of century, an immensely long period for the explosively advancing genre of cinematography, both of those films in their respective period of time boldly set new standards for film making that would define the future cinematographic approaches. But aside from their purely nice and professional merits, it is not less important to mention that The surrender of a Nation and Gone With the Wind fully comply with our observation of the preservative function of film. Indeed, what makes these films invaluable is their record of controversial views on the swell racial problems that emerged during the post- civilised state of war emancipation of former black American slaves, and which were also urgent in the eld of the films production. With these observations in mind, let us investigate how black Americans are portrayed in the film The parturition of a Nation, how does the film represent the Ku Klux Klan and its role in the Southern life, and what do The Birth of a Nation and its reception reveal about white Americans attitudes toward blacks in the early twentieth century. Also, let us contrast such observations with Gone with the Wind with its own interpretation of the post-Civil War emancipation.Since the dawn of cinema, the American Civil War has been the main theme for numerous directors, but one of the most prominent figures in the score of cinematography in its preoccupation with the topic of the Civil War was D. W. Griffith. Films of Griffith, whose father was a former accomplice Colonel, were definitely influenced by the late nineteenth-century Southern Romance novelists with their stories of aristocratic owners of plantations, Southern beauties, and faithful slaves (Wagenknecht 1975, pp. 28-29). During his celebrated career, Griffith produced long dozen silent films that touched the topic of the Civil War. Among these, The Birth of a Nation, premiered in 1915, is most well-known, mostly due to its debatable and openly racist stance. The film is based on the play The Clansman of doubting Thomas Dixon, which extols the Ku Klux Klan as the redeemer of Aryan race endangered after the period of the Reconstruction. However, despite its problematic archetype of racial issues, this film is nevertheless the landmark Am erican masterpiece not only among the Civil War films, but in the whole field of cinematography, so that everyone who studies the history of film must study The Birth of a N

Business Intelligence - BI, mining, analytics, and data warehousing Research Paper

Business Intelligence - BI, mining, analytics, and data warehousing - Research Paper ExampleMoreover, the forethought of Caesars Entertainment is dedicated to environmental energy and sustainability bulwark and it recognizes the significance of being responsible steward of the environment (Caesars License Company, LLC. EDGAR).Since the business of Caesars Entertainment is always expanding, its restrainment has decided to implement a new technology found structure in an attempt to manage business operations successfully and effectively. For this purpose, Caesars Entertainment will make commit of latest tools and technologies such as BI (Business Intelligence), mining, analytics, and data warehousing to better manage and control business operations. This report presents a small analysis of some of the important aspects and areas of Caesars Entertainment business where BI solutions can be implemented.At the present, roughly all the organizations make engagement of latest tools and technologies to leverage and augment their business capabilities. For instance, many business organizations use Teradata and IBM Cognos solutions to improve their marketing strategies and customer satisfaction level by means of a closed-loop technology based systems. In the same way, with modern technology based solution such as Teradata, Harrah Entertainment hypertrophied its usage of IBM Cognos business intelligence software to extract and drill additional and deeper customers data. Moreover, by making use of these innovative technologies business is able to effectively extract and segment customers data into many profiles as nearly as utilize this extracted and filtered customer segmentation data to extend targeted campaigns to extract preferred customers behavior. For instance, it can aid Harrah Entertainment know about clients who have not visited for over 6 months and implement strategies to bring those customers back. As well, business uses business intelligence and da ta warehousing to promote innovative games by determining

Journal for Notorious Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Journal for Notorious - Essay ExampleThe watcher is time lag for a close-up of the principle character scarce has to look for the cleaning woman in the crowd. It is also necessary to amount that Alicia appears as an elegant woman pertaining to the high society. In this case, the director remains faithful to this image and the woman appears as the same elegant lady in exquisite gowns throughout the entire movie.When it comes to Devlin, he appears as the mysterious Mr. Right. He is sitting in the forefront and only his silhouette is seen. The viewer observes numerous things disaster in the room. For instance, the couple is dancing, other people atomic number 18 sitting. It is clear that Alicia is interested in the Mr. Silhouette. The viewers be bound to focus on the mysterious man and wait when his face is seen. It is possible to note that the layer of anticipation is greater when Devlins silhouette appears. When it comes to the characters costumes, he is always elegant and el aborate.2. The viewer starts caring about the two leading characters when they are on the board of the plane taking them to Rio. Devlin tells the intelligence information about Alicias father (which is really intimate) and she shares her feelings about her relationships with her father as they used to be. She opens up her ticker and it is clear that she is a good person just like Devlin is. It is also clear that the two are destined to be together though this idea comes to the viewers mind during the first scenes of the movie when Alicia meets Devlin at the party.3. Hitchcock sets a romantic and somewhat dramatic tone to the film. on that point are elements of a comedy but the overall mood is rather dramatic. It is especially vivid in one of the final scenes when Devlin saves Alicia and tells her about his love. There is always a reminder of the war or spy secrets and duty or some plot. more(prenominal) so, the principle female characters life has been rather tragic and it is not clear whether at that place will be a happy end for her. She is

Reimbursement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reimbursement - Essay ExampleOver time, these products engender brought nearly major health challenges to their theatrical rolers ranging from addiction to cancer of the throat and lungs. As a result, health expenditure by the government has only been going up without easing. (Jost, 1). Tobacco companies should help finance the healthcare costs associated with the use of their products. This is because they dupe profits while the government incurs expenses that could be avoided by simply putting the companies out of business. In order to be appealing to the consumer, companies use enticing words that attract more users. The enticements are in the form of low tar content, mild cigarettes, flavoured cigarettes and misrepresented information on tobacco plant. This information is widely lead and depicts the irresponsible nature of tobacco companies, thus, the need to make them accountable for their deeds. These practices are blatantly deceptive, fraudulent, and aimed at misdirect active consumers and other potential consumers. This can be done making them refund to the government notes used to treat and cater for tobacco related ailments. Also, tobacco companies go out of their way to make aggressive campaigns to women, youth and minority groups. These funds could, instead, be used in preventing ailments and expenses that result from tobacco use. mute on accountability, tobacco companies should reimburse the government because they are the reason that tobacco related ailments are preponderant (Janofsky, Para. 2). They, therefore, should shoulder the blame for the part they play. Apart from this, tobacco companies, as a result of reimbursement, go forth have to bare their documents to the public. This will allow scrutiny by the public in order to understand how the tobacco industry functions. It will also expose the malpractices that these companies engage that are outside the normal business rules and standards. Thus, ...to attend accountability, tobac co companies should be given a choice to either reimburse the government for healthcare expenses, or conduct anti-tobacco campaigns, which use up the same profits they make (Benefits in Tobacco Deal, Para. 5). With this, reimbursement promotes foil in the business where they work towards ridding the country and society of tobacco addicts and especially smokers. In return, the companies provide slight reimbursement and make sufficient profits for themselves. Health and financial benefits Reimbursement of the federal government by tobacco companies should be done in order to improve the health of the citizens. It should also be done to reduce the level that the taxpayer has to bear. Calls to reimburse the government have an opportunity to pave the way for the creation of new laws. By personnel casualty legislation that controls and regulates the tobacco industry, usage of tobacco and tobacco products will see a decline. This legislation will be very crucial because, the number of people using tobacco products will go refine significantly and, thus, those open(a) to second hand smoke will also benefit. Of all the people exposed to second-hand smoke, children and pregnant mothers form the bulk. Putting into consideration the effects that cigarette smoke has on children and unborn babies, reimbursement is bent-grass to put issues into perspective for tobacco companies. Therefore, reimbursement will promote improved health by reducing occurrences of smoke related

The Film Stray Dog by Akira Kurosawa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Film Stray cover by Akira Kurosawa - Essay ExampleInstead of development the real story of a detective who lost his pistol, Kurosawa searched for further possibilities of a detective cum friendly allegorical film. The directors craft can be identified in his attempt to pose the story to the Nipponese smart set which was facing the after-effects of the World War. Besides, choosing a detective as a adorer instead of a policeman is a conscious attempt by the director to represent the mass, non the bureaucracy.From an analytical perspective, the film portrays the physical and mental torture felt by the mass in a war-torn society. The protagonist represents the citizens who were forced to endure the after-effects of a deadly war. In the film, hot weather is emblematical of the enduring capacity of the public. Besides, an unending search of the protagonist to regain his pistol, i.e. his identity is symbolic of Japanese societys attempt to survive the political, social and econ omic effects of the war. Noel Burch in the work To the Distant observer Form and Meaning in Japanese Cinema states that Akira Kurosawa made use of the film Stray Dog as an innovative medium for social criticism through film version (Burch 294). The image of the dog in the beginning of the film is symbolic of any individual who is forced to face a thermonuclear/ non-nuclear war and its after effects.Like other Kurosawa movies, the Stray Dog is closely related to Japanese history. For instance, in 1949, the same year of the films release is symbolic of the recovery of Japan from a nuclear war. Isolde Standish in the work A new history of Japanese cinema a degree Celsius of narrative film opines that the film Stray Dog portrays the post world war condition in Japan by showing the transformation of an unemployed soldier to a thief and murderer (Standish 216).

Communication Digital Age Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Communication digital Age - Essay ExampleAdapting to changes in technology requires not solely knowing how to use technological tools, but the ability to use those tools to express oneself creatively.Effective digital parley is the ability to create persuasive communications in different media, be it websites, video, auditory sensation, text, or animated multimedia. Digital communication is a foundation skill for most careers today, as most people will be involved in some form of conceptualizing, producing, delivering, and receiving such communications in their jobs and lives. Starting in unsubdivided initiate and extending to higher genteelness, students can learn a variety of digital communication skills across every their courses, whether they build multimedia presentations to demonstrate their knowledge of academic subjects, create e-portfolios of coursework, or present ideas in a virtual classroom. When students can express themselves through a variety of media, they are motivated and engaged.The twentieth ampere-second has witnessed piece of musicy scientific discoveries and inventions that have revolutionized our life. They have led to the creation of mechanisms and artifacts, which have made our life more efficient, smooth and comfortable. Computer is the latest addition to such achievements. It is the most sophisticated and integrated chip as the computer-based technology has found applications in agriculture, biotechnology, oceanography, engineering medicine and development technology. Throughout the 20th century, the pace of technological advancement has increased dramatic all in ally. The digital revolution, now upon us, is expecting to take giant strides in the 21st century. Companies are manufacturing audio and video sets communications nd Information Technology products for the consumer and professional markets. Companies have developed a immense product portfolio, which includes goods that have become integral part of modern life st yles. (Anil,2005 37)Many years ago, man invented computer. Nobody would have ever believed that age of computer dreaming and hardware tinkering would lead to the vast, bottomless streams of information that our society has advanced towards over the years in the medium of computer technology. Now, humans are more interconnected with computers than ever before. Computers interact with most every facet of business there possibly is, and education had become modified at most age groups to accommodate the importance of computer technology into the school system because it is as important as it is beneficial. The Internet has also played an instrumental role of all these areas, including the global distant communications with friends and work colleagues. The world has significantly shrunk since the Internet and augmented computer technology. Moreover, piece of music many computer-savvy citizens believe that computers can help better the economy as well as moderate the barriers of social and racial segregation, there are many factors rotating

Behavioural competencies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Behavioural competencies - assay Examplehe competencies of customer focus, effective communication, interpersonal effectiveness, and relationship management to reflect the need to demand with customers in an exceptional manner. I have made the competencies as generic as possible so that they cut across functions.Listed in the following sections are the competencies, with all(prenominal) having a definition and behavioural indicators for each take aim. The four levels are sound understanding, working knowledge, can do, and mastery and expertise. For the Senior Sales Assistant, the required level for all competencies is pegged at 3 (Can Do level).A strong drive and/or bias for producing results found on a high standard of excellence. These standards may be ones own knightly performance (striving for improvement) an objective and tested measure (best pr playice) delivering responsive and empathic service (customer focus) or improving what anyone has constantly done (innovation). Unique accomplishments and achieving performance objectives also indicate this competency.The ability to demonstrate and display self-direction or self-motivation. This includes the ability to maintain active personal energy and interest in learning as hale as displaying dynamism and balance while engaging in ongoing personal development. This includes the ability to act as a role model demonstrating accountability, integrity, professional competence and trust and the ability to act in accordance to the highest standards of business ethics and protocols of the organisation.The genuine desire and ability to anticipate, understand, meet or exceed the postulate of internal and external customers. This includes seeking first-hand information from customers, using own technical knowledge and consulting skill to go beyond customers expressed needs as well as taking personal responsibility for perpetually raising the standard of customer service.The ability to actively listen, understan d and respond appropriately when interacting with individuals

Maritime Logistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Maritime Logistics - Essay ExampleTherefore to not merely survive, but to generate throughout the crisis, K&X must develop mechanisms to benefit from opportunities that this environment has created. Prior to the crisis, K&X should have allocated resources to a crisis management plan that result maintain its current operations in a financially constricted environment with limited allocated of additional resources during the actual crisis. By conducting this preparation in more than ordinary financial environments, K&X underwrites that it will maintain relevance during contend measure date its industriousness peers are caught more unaware and must then engage in cost decrease measures to maintain their core business operations (Shim, Siegel & Dauber, 2008).Having already ensured its relevance and continuance in a challenging environment, K&X will then be poised to better recognize and exploit opportunities as they arise. This is particularly valuable as few new ideas, products, or processes are introduced to market in times of crisis. Most other organisations in the industry will be developing or implementing new services, allowing K&X a unique opportunity to fill that void (Griffin, 2008).In order to position itself roaring in a challenging environment, K&X must first develop and maintain a crisis management p... With this in mind, K&X must develop a crisis management plan as a living document that is continuously revised with the most currently available data, particularly when the industry begins to forecast the potential for an economic crisis. The management of the crisis will then involve application of the mechanisms developed and condition in the plan and the updated data will ensure that the organisation is responding to the environment as it actually exists (Kao, 2007). The get measures of K&X for crisis management have been fully explored in Part II and are aimed at mitigating the effects of the crisis and maintaining continuity of operation s. This will allow the organisation to remain fully crisis conscious, making its management of the stance part of its normal operations rather than as a separate issue that is address plainly after the disaster strikes (Drucker, 2008). Once implemented, the first stage of the K&X crisis management plan will evaluate the current business environment, specifically to determine potential areas of failure that whitethorn have a significant effect on core business operations (Drucker, 2008). This evaluation process is particularly primal as failure during this phase may result in an irrelevant plan of action that may contribute to the collapse of the organisation. As such, the evaluation phase will require the heaviest commitment of time and resources to ensure that subsequent phases of the plan remain pertinent and relevant to the current environment. The goals of the evaluation must be a high relevance as this will ensure accuracy and precision in the later actions of K&X (Chesbroug h, Vanhaverbeke & West, 2006). This evaluation process will include an assessment of

Operating Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Operating Systems - Essay Examplen the Linux I/O run is the optimization of disk scheduling through the use of multilevel queues and formerity scheduling to enable the carrying into action of many a(prenominal) program borderes. Setting these commands provides an end user with the robust set of tools to manage file operation and cognitive process execution within an operating system. The Linux I/O services will change society a great deal since the optimization of disk scheduling and page cache services are natural for quick program execution, therefore saving time. It is also important for performing read/write services on a computer hard disk (memory) through satisfying fast mapping of selective information (Bovet, Daniel & Marco 599).The Windows I/O concept offers subjects that describe the applications that control the input and output services that assist in data access from and data writing to the computer hard disk (memory). One basic I/O facility utilized by window ope rating system is the Asynchronous and Synchronous I/O, which both offer necessary operations for facilitating communication and fast bear on of information within a system. In a synchronous I/O operation, programs are placed on a require state while in an asynchronous I/O operation program or process execution request can be interrupted to enable the execution of another program (Russinovich, Mark, David & Alex Ch. 7).The advancements make in the basic windows I/O operations include the optimization of processing efficiency. This mechanism majorly entails the processing of large data or information within the shortest time possible without having to interrupt other prior made I/O requests made by a system user. Uninterrupted program execution ensures there is no loss of data or delay of displaying outputs during the I/O

Business Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Business Decision Making - Essay manikinThe info is about the education level of the selected population. There are seven sub-categories in which the data is distributed. It explains the antithetic levels of educational qualification for the population. Classification into seven categories is too detailed and is not relevant for the companys marketing strategies.The bon ton is engaged in the business of snack intellectual nourishments, an item that is favored by close to all sections of the society. unless some category contains data that are too small-scale to be of signifi jackpotce. Hence the chassiss of categories bedevil been reduced to three. The methodology used was to aggregate all data that showed a nurture of less than 10%. Only Bachelors Degree (44.9%) and Graduate Degree (33.99%) have been shown separately. All the rest of the categories have been shown under the purport Others. The table indicates that out of every 100 persons, about 44 people are having qual ified with a Bachelors Degree and al close to 40 persons have a Graduate Degree. The category another(prenominal)s include persons holding other degrees, undergraduates, those who have attended college but do not possess any degrees (probably because they dropped out) and those who have attended school.It tolerate be assumed that targeting those with degrees could be to a greater extent rewarding since they are in a point to do better salaries. Snack foods do not come under the category of necessities and hence people with more income tend to spend more on such items. So the last category can be given the least importance. Data has not been reduced, only aggregated. Since the data is given in percentages and adds up to 100, the value of 21.82% pertaining to Others was obtained through simple addition of values of the individual categories included there. Census Trend 1980 to 2000 Summary get over - Basic Variables The table shows the increase in population starting form 1980 to 2000. 198019902000Total Population manful + Female57,44161,46964,637Male Only294103196433030Female only280312950531607It can be seen that the number of males and females are almost equal and hence both of them should be given importance when formulating marketing strategies. There is a small growth in population to the tune of 7% in 1990 and 5% in 2000. Average number of persons life story in a house is baseborn. This indicates that there is a large number of people living alone. Data has been reduced as well as aggregated. The point has been put across sufficiently with the data in the above table. Occupation and Employment Summary Report - Means of Transportation to Work This indicates the distinguishable modes of transport used by people going for work. This is relevant since people could eat snack food during clock time spent in traveling. Those driving alone are not in a position to do this and they are not included here. So the table has been prepared according to the pos sibility of alimentation while traveling.ModePercentageTime Taken (In Minutes)PossibilitySubway22.645 - 59Yes - Has most time and high numbersBus or Trolley15.5 5 - 9Yes - Less timeCarpooled7.010 - 14Yes - More time, but less chanceWalked6.090 or moreYes - little numbers, highest timeWorked at home4.3Work at homeYes - High chance but low numbersTaxi2.460 - 89Yes - High Chance but low numbersOthers who can eat0.935 - 44Yes- High chance but

The International Debt Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The International Debt Crisis - Essay Example later World War 2, the Bretton Woods system was established and followed by m any(prenominal) nations for years till is a collapse in 1971. The Bretton Woods system was related to fixed exchange rate linked to the concord of gold held by the country. The system operated as the value of the dollar was kept almost constant and any fluctuation in the exchange rates between the dollar and other currencies was accordingly countered by the important banks of the related countries. If the dollar experienced a decrease in value, the central bank of the country would affect so as to counter the effects of this fall in value by selling more than of its own currency to decrease its value and maintain the value of the dollar to its previous level. This system functioned because of the willingness and baron of other nations to help maintain the value of the dollar. However, in 1971 when the United States experienced a fall in the value of the dol lar the countries did not act to maintain the value of the dollar. ...Finally, the Bretton Woods system was abolished in 1971 and the floating exchange rate system was introduced where the value of the dollar was allowed to fluctuate in the money market. THE OIL price HIKE AND ITS EFFECTSThe increase in the prices oil in the 1970s was massive enough to take a ruffle in the economies of many countries throughout the world. The oil-exporting nations experienced a huge capital influx due to the increase in prices whereas the oil-importing countries (which included many developing nations) experienced noticeable capital outflow and oil inflation in their respective economies.

Investigating circuit city comany Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Investigating circuit city comany - Article ExampleThe company was atomic number 53 of the largest consumer-electronics retailers and was also one of the pioneers in the industry, having been founded by Samuel S. Wurtzel as a television store in 1949 (Hartung, 2010) electric circuit urban center achieved tremendous growth from its inception through to the early 1990s. This growth was highlighted by the companys stock increasing at an annual average rate of 50.5 percent in the decade after(prenominal) going public in 1983, beating all industry peers and placing it at the top of the Fortune calciferol service companies rankings for having the highest return to investors. (Gilligan, 2008) Emerging competitors like Best Buy and Wal-Mart, did not stand a see of dethroning lick City as the dominant force in the consumer-electronics retail market during this period. However, before long, the scenario changed. The attain that Circuit City held on the market steadily loosened followin g a string of decisions make in the 1990s. This began when the company tested impertinent ventures that distracted its executives from the core business. Circuit City intended to corroborate up its rapid growth rate by exploring a variety of businesses. It created CarMax in 1993 and followed that by get in the home-security business, which it tied(p)tually sold. Later on it was to test the installation and repair of home air-conditioning and heating systems, which it discontinued. The chain even considered opening large furniture stores but scrubbed that plan. (Gilligan, 2008) After all this, the company still invested much than $200 million into creating and selling Divx, a digital video disc rental system. This was to be a massive failure as the systems viability was interviewed by Hollywood studios and other retailers, forcing the company to draw up the plug on the project. Circuit City had a lot going on as its executives move to figure what business to explore, all alon g straying further from its core business - consumer-electronic retailing. Why over-invest in unknown businesses with low growth place, rather than invest in known markets with high growth rates? (Hartung, 2010) These experiments allowed Best Buy to gain considerable advantage over Circuit City. Circuit City was self-satisfied in addressing the obvious growing threat from its most formidable competitor, Best Buy - a dark mistake in the fiercely competitive and fast-evolving retail-electronics industry. Best Buy was a Minneapolis-based retailer that was half the sizing of Circuit City by sales and number of stores in the early 1990s. Circuit City did not take Best Buy seriously enough since they were not making as much tax income as they did, so why question a successful model they thought. Best Buy on the other hand did not want to emulate Circuit City it was rather a question of how to be better and different from Circuit City. The intensity of Best Buys growth was so significa nt that by the late 1990s it had a commanding lead over Circuit City in sales per store and unseating Circuit City as the top consumer-electronics retailer by revenue. From and so on, Circuit City was always playing catch up. Due to the expansion of the business into new markets, Circuit City set up many of its new stores in areas with low market growth. These inferior locations unlike to high growth areas where its competitors set up shop, was later a real cause of concern since the new stores had lower returns. Circuit City di

Managing People in Engineering Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Managing passel in Engineering - Assignment ExampleFurther, it understands the changes in the workforce with regard to demographics, skills, interests as intumesce as performance. Workforce planning also capable of identifying various gaps in capability, as well as concord the suitability of the current workforce for the purposes of future job needs. In addition, this work develops strategies, for example recruitment, retention as well as training for the purposes of addressing needs of staff, according to the gaps (1).The general employment surroundings plays a study role in workforce recruitment and selection. For recruitment and selection processes to be successful the employment environment has to be inclusive, whereby, for example, there is support by staff for processes such as agency workforce assortment initiatives. Environment includes the external environment- this refers to the various factors that affect the ability of a manager to attract, as well as recruit new w orkforce. Employment environment refers to factors such as the style of management, work-life balance as well as learning and development factors.For successful recruiting and selection to be achieved, the following processes and procedures atomic number 18 carried out. The first process involves short-listing. This involves making assessments of the applications of candidates to establish their suitability for the engineering post, which is done according to the job description and the persons specification. After short-listing, persons are required to fill application blanks, which record qualifications, experiences as well as both other necessary specialty. This is an important selection process as it provides important information which can be used to properly identify the person and develop appropriate inferences with regard to his suitability. What follow is employment tests, which are carried out to match the physical, mental as well as temperamental pattern of the individu al. These

Hispanic Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hispanic Literature - Essay deterrent exampleTalpa provides excellent examples of Rulfos attention to detail and his style of painting a picture of the setting and rough purlieu. Rulfo utilizes the composition of man vs. environment to describe life in the pueblo. As much as he paints evidently a portrait of landscape, Rulfos details about the harsh environment oftentimes mirror the severity of the casefuls actions. Killings ar thematic in The Man and Talpa, and the environment is used as a harsh burden grievous the characters for their killings.Rulfos sententious stories relate to his life because they occur in the environment that he knows. He is often characterized as a regionalist writer, meaning that his works tell about the people and lifestyle of a specific range -- Rulfos being the central valley of Mexico in the 1950s. Rulfo was born in 1917 in Jalisco. His childhood was difficult, and the violence in the 1920s probably impacted him and made his writing style as vi olent and severe as it is. He was left an orphan before the age of ten. These harsh realities of life are echoed in his works, often about killings. That tone is also mirrored within the environment.Monsivis, a notable Mexican journalist, explains Rulfos place in Hispanic literature, that he is a trustworthy interpreter of the daily life of those living in the pueblos. En nuestra cultura nacional Juan Rulfo ha sido un intrprete absolutamente confiable de la lgica ntima, los modos de ser, el sentido idiomtico, la poesa secreta y pblica de los pueblos y las comunidades campesinas, mantenidas en la marginalidad y el olvido (El Poder). Rulfo recounts with authenticity that life in a not so easy. Rulfo makes this theme more complicated by using the human element. He opens his short story The Man with this relationship, man vs. environment, in mind. The mans feet sank into the sand, leaving a formless track, like some animals hoof. They clambered over the rocks, digging in at the steepnes s of the ascent, then they trudged on upward, searching out the horizon. The Man provides for easy analysis of Juan Rulfos writing style and his theme of man vs. environment because the main character, struggling along the road, hears his own voice and thoughts through an imaginary secondary character, which appears, trudging along the track behind him. As the main character is walking up the hill, a man speaks, He climbed along present, raking the mounta privileged, verbalize the man pursuing him. He cut away branches with a machete. You can tell that he was gripped by fear. headache always leaves marks. Thats what will cause his downfall (42). Later, when the main character arrives at the river, there is a semblance of placidity within the story. He is able to rest. At this point, the imaginary man says aloud Nobody will hurt you, son. Im here to protect you. Thats why I was born before you were and my bones hardened before yours (45). In short, the struggles occurring insid e the mans conscience are mirrored in narrative as Rulfo works through the text and sends the character across the landscape.Rulfos short stories address the real everyday struggles of life. Another great example of this is in his short story Talpa. As George Schade writes in the introduction to The Burning Plain, many of

Elder Fraud in the USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Elder Fraud in the USA - Essay recitationMany of the elder frauds are unreported but leave the senior citizens in devastating situations since near of them have little time to recoup the losses. Surprisingly, most of the elder frauds against the senior citizens are committed by family members and mainly the adult children or grandchildren. Some of the common frauds include Medicare or health insurance frauds where the perpetrators redact as genuine Health insurance agents in order to obtain personal information from the old pile or generate inferior services in small clinics and bill the costs to Medicare (Busch, 2012). another(prenominal) common elder fraud in nursing is counterfeit prescription drugs which mainly are conducted done the internet. Elder pile usually obtain drugs that may even lead to more than harm and descent of their medical conditions (Federal Bureau of Investigations, 2012). This research paper will discuss flakes of elder fraud in the get together St ates and offer recommendations on how to deter the fraud. The paper will utilize avai laboratoryle literature on books and journals in order to understand elder fraud problem in the United States of America. Literature review consort to figures released by the Federal Bureau of Investigations, healthcare related frauds cost the US economy about $ 250 million every year. Elder fraud is one of the contributors of the skyrocketing medical costs in the US healthcare systems. irresponsible elder fraud is difficult since the fraudsters who established sophisticated fraud schemes that entail overbilling the elderly patient, billing for more hours in a day or even charging the elder for services which were not offered (Busch, 2012). Elder people are polite and have excellent credit that makes them vulnerable to health care frauds. Elderly people also make poor witnesses since they do not provide detailed evidence and information to law enforcement officers due to their age effects on me mory. Elderly people are also interested in products or medicines that increase their cognitive functioning, physical conditioning, and anti-cancer products thus increasing their vulnerability to fraudsters (Busch, 2012). The most common type of elder fraud is Medicare or health insurance fraud. All US citizens over the age of 65 years are eligible to Medicare plan that is primary financed by the federal government. The fraudsters usually pose as agents of medical insurance companies or Medicare in order to obtain the victims personal information such as credit card details (Federal Bureau of Investigations, 2012, p 2). The perpetrators may also provide sub-standard medical services in mobile clinics and charge the services to Medicare in order to pocket the money. former(a) smaller frauds on Medicare and health insurance include the medical equipment fraud whereby the equipment manufacturers may offer justify medical equipment to the elderly but the insurers are charged for the eq uipments even when they have not been delivered. Rolling lab fraud schemes is a common elder fraud which takes place when elderly people unnecessary or fake medical tests at their retirement homes or health clubs and the bogus service is charged to Medicare or the insurance companies.

Socialism Essay Example for Free

collectivism EssayThe years between 1815-1848 saw the rise of a number of related and competing ideologies, one of them being socialism. Socialism sought economic equating for completely, and was very much against the the Laissez Faire ideal of liberalism. There were different forms of brotherlyism as it evolved over the years. Throughout the nineteenth century, Europe saw an uprising and evolution of socialism led by key names Karl Marx, Henri de Saint-Simon, Charles Fourier, and Robert Owen. It created equality for the majority of workers and prompted ideas of revolution. Socialism was partly rooted in the French Revolution, with a number of radical Jacobins victorious the idea of political equality for all and moving it to the next step economic equality for all through the common ownership of all straitlacedty. The earliest collectivistic writers were coined Utopian Socialists by Karl Marx. Marx believed the earliest collectives offered non-scientific, surreal so lutions to the problems of modern society. One of the influential early socialist thinkers was Count Henri de Saint-Simon. He argued the key to progress was proper organization.He also thought in highly moralistic terms. He said that every social institution must make improving conditions for the poor their main goal. In around 1830, another socialist thinker emerged Charles Fourier. He took another approach. He was a fierce defender of freedom of choice. He formal Utopian communities, each with 1,620 people, where free love and voluntary unions were the norm. Many women were enthusiastic followers of Fourier because he was an early proponent of the total emancipation of women.The socialist Louis Blanc fought for a whole different pay. He wanted the just to work. He believed the government should provide jobs when the private sector could not. These early Socialists birthed the ideology, but they had relatively little collision in comparison with Marxs proletarian socialism. I n 1848, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels published The Communist Manifesto, which became the bible of socialism. Early Socialism was most prevalent in France, since it benefited the majority of citizens.It was mostly concentrated in France because early French utopian socialists interacted with the experiences of French urban workers. Workers cherished the memory of the radical phase of the French Revolution, and they despised the laissez-faire laws that denied workers the right to organize. Workers favored collective action and government intervention in economic life. These aspirations of the workers directly connected to utopian theorists, and a genuine socialist movement emerged in Paris in the 1830s.From here, Karl Marx was left the task of establishing impelling socialist foundations. Socialist ideas favored the working class, because the primary reason it started was to make the proletariats more equal to the bourgeoisie. Socialism looked at the free-market economies of Wester n Europe in the midst of the Industrial Revolution and saw exploited workers atomic number 82 miserable existences while manufacturers profited enormously. Socialists felt that since the rich benefited so much, the poor should get some benefits too, since their labor back up the entire system.Karl Marx even predicted that the proletariat class would one day arise and supplant those capitalists who had exploited them. The Revolts of 1848 represent the power of the middle and lower classes. These revolts were started as an attempt to achieve universal male suffrage. The socialists showed the workers there is a solution to the severely divided social classes. The proletariats attempted to destroy the bourgeoisies for economic equality. The middle class were the victims and umpteen lives were taken in 1848 during the horrific June Days.Because of the lack of leadership and organization, the working class failed in their revolution. These revolts represented the idea of socialism but also showed how much power the upper classes possessed. It is almost impossible to have a perfect socialist society and the socialists and working class of 19th century Europe failed to create one. However, the revolts and ideas of socialist thinkers showed how important the working class is. Socialism is a very important factor in the muniment of the 19th century. That influence has extended into present days, where there are still socialist ideologies.

Management Concepts Temasek Holdings Essay Example for Free

Management Concepts Temasek Holdings Essay1.0 IntroductionTemasek Holdings is a large investment follow found in Singapore. It is an active participator in the investment game, holding shares and investments in a broad range of industries all everywhere the world. As with more(prenominal) companies all over the world, Temasek Holdings was affected strongly by the Global Financial Crisis, losing much than 30 per cent of the value of their portfolio (Schmermerhorn, J. Davidson, P. Poole, D. Simon, A. Woods, P Chau, S.L. 2011). Temaseks CEO Ho Ching has been criticised for the investment losses that occurred during the scotch crisis, and must now lead the company through the increased turbulence that has been presented to them. In doing so, a potence issue that Temasek Holdings is currently facing is one of leading. If correct focus processes regarding lead are not applied, the company could face even worse consequences. To ensure that leaders does not become an issue, Ho Ching must return effective leadership techniques to Temasek Holdings. This report allow for investigate dissimilar leadership options, determining an adequate cash advance to leadership that provide assist this company in being boffo in the future. Two leadership simulations volition be assessed in-depth. It is expected that both will assist the company in continuing in the long-term, however one option will be more suitable and expert to Temasek Holdings.2.0 Literature Themes or ArgumentsAs Temaseks CEO has recently come under fire for her stability in leadership, it is likely that a change must be made in the way the company is managed if they are to successfully remain with the same CEO. Leadership is fundamental in regular circumstances, but it is even more intrinsic to the business through periods of instability, making it vitally important to the livelihood of the company to apply appropriate management procedures. It is impossible for a set of specific character istics to define whether or not someone is a in force(p) leader, however some certain individualal traits have been identified as being common among successful leaders drive, self-confidence, creativity, cognitive ability, business knowledge, motivation, flexibility, honesty and integrity. (Schmermerhorn, J. Et al. 2011). Vision and power are also vital to practised leadership however all of these things are not achieved in the same way.Many different behavioural theories have been produced in an attempt to define good leadership styles. A widely used exemplification of management is Fred Fiedlers contingency model. Fiedlers theory looks at matching various types of battalion to various situations, somewhat of an either/or concept. It is based on the fact that someones style of leadership is personality-based, thus making it thorny to change. Rather, the Fiedler model suggests putting batch of specific leadership styles with situations that match that style, kind of than try ing to change their personal leadership style, to achieve success (Wang, Victor C X Berger, Jim 2010, pg. 6).Fiedler classifies people into deuce leadership styles relations-orientated and task-orientated. Relations-orientated people are defined as a person who is motivated to search prominence in interpersonal relations, who is concerned with good relations with others, who is considerate in his interaction with convocation members, and who tends to reduce anxiety and increase the personal adjustment of his co- ladderers, (Hill, Walter. 1969, pg. 34) whereas a task-orientated person is characterised to be someone who rejects those with whom he canfulnot work, and obtains need gratification and self-esteem from performance of the task. He is, in that respectfore, concerned with performing the task and he is voluntary to relegate interpersonal relations to a secondary position (Hill, Walter. 1969, pg. 35)Exhibit I (Hill, Walter. 1969, pg. 36) above shows how relations-oriented a nd task-oriented people are look ond, through leader-member relationships, leader position power and task structure. It does this by determining how well a person interacts with people (relations) and how dedicated they are to tasks. According to Hill (1969), this model is effective and further tests through with(p) corroborate with Fiedlers findings, making it an accurate model. Hill noted that there are so many variables that sometimes it is difficult to calculate the exact leadership style that is appropriate for someone however it is useful as it helps to assign leaders to specific tasks and delegate how efficient leadership should be achieved. In regards to Temasek, it should be established what type of leader Ching is, and the company would need to work with that before any leadership goals should be established.Another common model is the Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Theory (SLT). It is widely used in the business celestial sphere and was developed by Paul Hers ey and Kenneth H. Blanchard. This model is based upon leaders adjusting their styles based on the maturity of their followers, which is indicated by the readiness (how able and willing or confident) of followers (Schmermerhorn, J. Et al. 2011). When maturity (psychologically and performance-wise) is reached, it means a reduction in support and guidance can occur, instilling a positive indication of trust and confidence. A music director must look at employees and evaluate how best to perform a certain task in a certain situation, and when the situation changes, the leadership style previously used may not be as successful in the new situation (Hambleton, Ronald K Gumpert, Ray. 1982, pg 227).Again, leadership styles are defined as relationship-orientated and task-orientated, however in this model leadership styles are classified into four groups delegating, participating, selling and telling. This model is advantageous to companies as it has various different types of stages based on top of the classification of relations-orientated and task-orientated leadership (Figure 1). It breaks down the two types further, into the four types above, thus making it easier to classify. Again, however, variables come into play, and it can be seen from various research that the SLT model does have its limitations. Goodson (1989) states that when further studies have been conducted on this model, the main classifier of groups (maturity or competence) makes almost no difference to the leadership style of a person (Goodson, Jane R McGee, Gail W Cashman, James F. 1989, pg. 446).Also, Goodson established that in these tests no veridical measure of maturity and/or readiness was really possible when conducting research on the SLT model, making it difficult to say for certain whether the model can be effective. Furthermore, clean (1990) makes further reference to the fact that there is little to no research supporting this model in his studies, saying that both basing the resear ch on the main factor (maturity) as well as more complex methods, little support was order to corroborate with the main theorems of the model (Blank, Warren Weitzel, John R Green, Stephen G. 1990, pg. 579). false3.0 RecommendationsIn the case of Temasek Holdings, it can be give tongue to that adopting a new leadership approach will be entirely beneficial for the company. No information is given as to what current leadership styles are used, but the amount of reproach being received currently illustrates that a change is needed. Of the two leadership theories discussed, it can be said that both have negative and positive points, as with any business directive.Fiedlers model uses 3 determining factors leader-member relationships, leader position power and task structure, to determine how a leadership style will work effectively. This is essentially beneficial to a business as it allows more than one factor to determine a leadership style, giving a more accurate description of what leadership style will fit a situation. This model was also corroborated with research conducted by Hill (1969) who conducted a study that show that Fiedlers was almost always effective in the workplace. However, there were limitations in regards to variables. As every person is so different personality-wise there is a large number of variables, not all of which can be categorised. Because of this, some variables may be missed or excluded, but overall the final result does not change, making the model very effective.The second theory, Hersey-Blanchards SLT, uses maturity as the basis of calculating how a leadership style will be effective. This could be effective to some extent, however both Goodson (1989) and Blank (1990) argue that just one determining factor is not enough to warrant an effective model. The model is beneficial as it breaks down leadership styles into four obvious categories the problem is determining which personality fits into these categories. No clear measure o f maturity is possible, making it difficult to categorise leadership styles. Goodson (1989) also states that maturity and competence has no real effect on leadership styles.Looking at these results, it can be recommended that for Temasek Holdings to uphold operating at a high level, the Fiedler model of contingency should be used as a model for assigning leadership tasks. Giving every leader in a business tasks based on their personality is advantageous as it means instead of the person working with something they are not specifically styled for, they are able to be fit with tasks that suit them. Overall, this will make a substantive change both in employee satisfaction (workers are doing jobs that suit their personality style, thus making them more content) as well as production, as the leadership style they are assigned will work well for them. Models by Hill (1969) are further evidence that this model does indeed work, and that it can engage positive effects to Temasek in the future.If Temasek Holdings chooses to operate within this leadership model, criticism for the way the business is displace will be lessened. Both in the short and long term this form of leadership will be beneficial to the company, affecting both large positions (for example, the CEO Ho Ching) as well as smaller managers within the company. The research shows that this is the best model for Temasek to use to bring it the most success in the future.

Postmodern Frame Essay - Text in Art Essay Example for Free

postmodernist Frame Essay Text in dodge EssayThe physical exercise of text within to the optic contrivanceifices can be t zipd back as far as the inscribed carvings found on cave walls created by the Indigenous population of Australia approximately 46000 years ago. However, over the past few years, the drop of text in art, also known as the art of typography, has become a frequent authority of communication for artists in the creation of their industrial plant. Text within art can be projected, scrawled, painted, computerised and carved to the vertex that a sketch may be created of nothing but language. The art of typography is the technique of put type in such a person-to-person earthner that makes language visible. It treats fonts as individual entities to be enjoyed by the audience. Some artists pick out with language as a character on its own as unconnected to a surface to draw upon. These artists place texts in carriages that ar in head for the hillsed to stimulate the way an audience perceives a work, to evoke emotion or to create a assertion.However, others, particularly graphic designers, tend to focus on the decorative powers of text. Regardless of the artists intentions, the appearance of text within art can shift our appreciation of their sound and meaning. Artists that explore text in art include Barbara Kruger, Yukinori Yanagi, Katarzyna Kozyra, jennet Holzer, Wenda Gu, Shirin Neshat, Miriam Stannage, Colin McCahon and Jenny Watson. Artists such as Jenny Holzer, Wenda Gu and Shirin Neshat explore the pagan implications of language in art and the importance of language to private identity done the inclusion of text that glint a postmodern bear on with the way we collar in work onation in our coetaneous society. Jenny Holzer is an American conceptual artist who belongs to the libber branch of artists that emerged during the 1980s. Originally an abstract painter and printmaker, Holzer became heavily intimacyed in con ceptual art and began creating works using text.The introduction of text within Holzers work occurred gradually however, over time, they have solo replaced images. These works atomic number 18 usually displayed in widely viewed, public areas. Holzers works typically deal with the idea of communication. She is highly aware of the power of words and the power of the media and therefore has a focus on the ability of language to distort or manipulate truths. I was drawn to writing because it was possible to be very explicit about things. If you have crucial issues, burning issues, its good to say only whats right and wrong about them, and then perhaps to show a way that things could be helped. So, it seemed to make sense to write because then you could just say it no painting seemed perfect. In particular, I didnt want to be a narrative painter, which maybe would have been one solution for someone wanting to be explicit. Jenny Holzer.Through the use of text in art, Holzer is able t o transmit sizable environmental, hearty and political messages that reveal beliefs and myths and show biases and inconsistencies that highlight her social and personal concerns of todays contemporary society. Holzers works are confronting and provocative and inspire us to make changes. They make us regain that language is not always a factual statement it can be true or false depending on the context. Holzer forces us to analyse our own behaviour and consider how we have been influenced and manipulated. Her works are designed to make us stop and th sign about how we are maturing socially. Holzers truisms MONEY CREATES render 1982 and PROTECT ME FROM WHAT I WANT 1985 are part of her 1983-85 series Survival. These are LED quickness pieces consisting of large scale text that were projected onto a billboard in Times Square, New York.The inscriptions were bright, pull ahead and menacing and connected themselves to the everyday glow of the city. The phrases were flicked over the busy intersection for two to three seconds creating an gene of surprise and capturing the audiences attention. The main focus of these works was to make a profound statement about the world of advertising and consumer society today. Holzers aim was to persuade the audience to pause and reflect on their lives. Her work emphasises the notion that within our society, we are driven by the world of media, thereby producing a mass materialistic, consumerist assimilation. MONEY CREATES TASTE is almost a plea from Holzer to stand back and assess our needs as a culture rather than what we are fed to believe we want by the media.The use of this concise statement PROTECT ME FROM WHAT I WANT has shown us that we are in the process of losing our identity and sense of culture and can be manipulated by the underlying motives of the media. Shirin Neshat is an Iranian born artist who, upon good turn seventeen, moved to California to study art. In 1990 when Neshat flew back to Iran to visit her family, she was confronted by the changes in culture and the peg down restraints of everyday life in the Moslem Republic. She was faced by a very strict, pure form of Islam introduced by the Iranian government in order to erase Persian history. Since having lived in the two ethnic contexts of Iraq and the USA, Neshat is able to examine the cultural concerns of individual beings in a metaphorical and poetic way. She attempts to address problems of identity, race and gender in a shocking manner and intends to undermine social stereotypes and assumptions.Her works explore the differences amongst Islam and the West, males and females, limitations in life and freedom, old and new and the public and the private domains. Neshat aimed to provoke questions amongst her audience as she explored Islam through her art making and comments on issues related to feminism and multiculturalism. However, her works were not only confrontational and symbolic Neshat also paid particular attention to aesthetics. In her 1994 print and ink, Rebellious Silence, Neshat depicts an Islamic, Muslim woman, cover in a greater omentum holding a gun. Her calm face is divided by the starkness of the cold, steel weapon and is laced with Islamic calligraphy symbolic of the Niqab, a more extreme veil that an Islamic woman must wear as it signifies her obedience to the male supremacy in Islamic culture. Her clothing and weapon make us question whether this woman has rejected her submissive female billet to embrace violence.She is looking directly at the camera and looks determined to fight. Questions of motives arise amongst the audience. Neshats 1996 work reserved is a black and white photograph in which Neshat has chosen to make herself the subject. This image is a soaked up of Neshats face. She looks determined and powerful however, like her creation Rebellious Silence her face is cover with an overlay of Islamic text. The Arabic inscriptions that create the veil act as a barrier. It s ymbolises the support of the Islamic revolution. The visual struggle between Neshat and the veil is correctational of the fight for freedom and the support of religion. By put the text on her face, the body part where people can identify emotions the most, it serves as a varan of the power that religion has over women and the oppression it has towards free expression. The gun in the picture is another juxtaposition.The woman seems to be embracing the gun as a part of her, giving off a imperil feeling, but at the same time, it does not feel dangerous because of her conflicted emotions freedom versus oppression. The inscriptions tell of a man who died in the Iran/Iraq conflict of the 1980s. This is also insulting to the women who also experienced this conflict. Her art does not dissanction nor approve of Islam, but instead promotes the audience to reflect upon their own ideas, assumptions and expectations. He works carry both personal and emotional connotations. Wenda Gu was born in China and studied traditional, serious music landscape painting. He was occupied to teach ink painting and although he no longer practices in China, text remains cardinal to his work. This initial technical training has provided the incentive for his most confronting pieces in which the powerful use of language challenges social and political traditions.These are questioning and symbolic works that violate the orthodox doctrine of artistic value. They represent a direct threat to authority. Michael Sullivan. Gu ambitiously attempts to address, in artic terms, the issue of globalism that dominates discussions of contemporary economics, society and culture. He aims to appeal not only to the present population, but also to future generations in his quest to depart the boundaries of human perception, feeling and thought and express humanitys deepest wishes and powerful dreams. Gu strives to unify existence and create a utopian feel within his works. Gu worked to simplify the Chi nese language and to encourage people to embrace new attitudes towards their old language. He combines a long standing fascination with classical Chinese calligraphy with a contemporary take on universal concerns that cross cultural and ethnic boundaries.Gus work today focusses extensively on ideas of culture and his identity and has developed an interest in bodily materials and understanding humanity across ethnic and national boundaries. Gus 1994-96 work Pseudo Characters Contemplation of the world is a series of ink paintings in which he uses traditional calligraphical styles and techniques but subverts them with reversed, upside down or incorrect letters. The pseudo character series consists of three ink on paper scrolls in which he has combined calligraphy and landscape, disrupting the conventions of both, powerfully distorting artistic tradition of China. Gu has attacked the written word by glorifying the spirit of the absurd. Gus most significant artworks have been a series entitled United Nations Project. This is a series of 15 works that were conceptually plan to relate to the locations social, political, historical and cultural situation.This series confronts two taboos. That of language and the human body. The main material for these installations are human hairsbreadth collected from hairdressers from all over the world and the hair itself serves as a data link to all people. They typically consisted of screens tied together with twine, forming a canopy of internationally collected hair that was forge into nonsensical scripts combining the Chinese alphabet and others. His works are distinguished by the two themes which intersect. The rootage relates to language and the way in which cultural conventions are signified ad the second, is the use of human hair which is a symbol for significant human endeavours.The human hair is a blueprint containing DNA information, which is parking lot to all humans yet seen fundamentally as individual. Jenny H olzer, Shirin Neshat and Wenda Gu all explore the cultural implications of language within art. They share a prime focus on the links between culture and identity. They have used language and text to convey their powerful messages and have drawn upon their own personal experiences. Concerned with the human condition, both they and their artworks have had a significant impact on society and the way in which we interpret information.Madison ********Year 12 Visual Arts Art History and Art Criticism.Essay on TextThe inclusion of text in artworks reflects a post-modern concern with the way we receive information in our contemporary society and the importance of language to identity. Explore the cultural implications of language in the work of Jenny Holzer, Wenda Gu and one other contemporary artist. Analyse specific artworks to support your argument.

Explore the differences in the ways Hamlet and Laertes go about seeking revenge Essay Example for Free

look the differences in the ways Hamlet and Laertes go about seeking punish EssayThis essay willing consider the relevance of preceptor/ password descents to motive for and the manner of revenge, the initial responses of both Hamlet and Laertes to the discussion of the murder of their scram. Finally I will conclude by comparing how Hamlets and Laertes responses each compare with Fortinbras responses to his initiates death. The human relationship each son had with his father is important, because it crapper be seen what motivates them for revenge, and whether or non their fathers influence inspires such payback. Hamlets relationship with his father is only shown after his demise.This is the only way we are able to see father and son interact. What we do see of this indicates that they do not have a good relationship, as the ghost of Hamlets father takes no pains to cover up the torment he endures beyond the grave. The ghost wants Hamlet to revenge his foul and most p aranormal murder and warns that he would find Hamlet a fat crumb that roots itself in ease on Lethe wharf if he did not avenge his death. The ghost mightiness have said this quite scathingly, perhaps because he is aware of Hamlets tendency to contemplate e actually action, and distress to get things done quickly.The love in this relationship is clearly one sided, Hamlet later on in the play, in issue 3 setting 3-4 shows his mother a picture of his late father and a picture of Claudius. He bitterly comments on how superior his father is with his Hyperion curls, grace and eye alike(p) Mars to threaten and command compared to Claudius. He is furious and obviously holds his father in high regard. The abnormality of Hamlets smear is emphasised when the ghost appears before Hamlet and his mother in act 3 Scene 4.When Hamlets situation is compared to the relationship Laertes shares with his father, the result is starkly different. They both appear to have a very cobblers last fathe r-son relationship and in Act 1 scene 3 we can see a communication between them, where Polonius is giving Laertes fatherly advice on how to behave when in Paris. Among the many aphorisms given by Polonius, he warns Laertes too not give any unproportioned thought his act Later on in the play, we can of course, see that Laertes ignores this heartfelt piece of advice when seeking revenge on Hamlet.Through not sitting good deal and thinking the situation out calmly, he jumped to the wrong conclusions. Polonius went so far as to ask for Claudius allowance for Laertes to carry for Paris on Laertes behalf. The language he uses such as he wrung from me my slow leave does not suggest anything other than a father who carries nothing but deep affection for his son, and does not which to see him leave. No sooner are we shown the cruel and malicious treatment of Hamlet by hid all in(p) father, then we are shown the stark contrast of Laertes and Polonius concerned and en solemningly caring f are healthy conversation.As well as having completely different familial relationships, Hamlet and Laertes themselves form one of the most important polarities in all of the play. This is important in understanding why both characters have different methods of avenging their fathers. As the diagram progresses, Hamlets hesitance and general inability to obtain his fathers revenge, will be heavily contrasted with Laertes fierce willingness to avenge his fathers death. before Hamlet spoke to the ghost, he didnt know that his father had been murdered. When the ghost asks him to revenge his foul and most unnatural murder Hamlet replies Murder? the question mark in this statement indicates that Hamlet had not considered bad the idea that his father had been murdered, and that it had taken him by surprise. Hamlet has been delivered a double shock. He was already sorrow for his fathers death and is now confronted by the fact that he was murdered. The ghost exhorts Hamlet to seek revenge and Hamlet, who is intensely moved, swears to remember, obey, and sweep to his revenge. Whereas Hamlet doesnt quite trust the ghost and seeks to test Claudius guilt himself by staging a play based on the murder, Laertes sees no cause to disbelieve the method in which his father died.Laertes today trusts Claudius word that Hamlet is his fathers murderer. Laertes is a complete foil for Hamlet in some actions his cry for vengeance is an absolute contrast to Hamlets timorous testing for the ghosts truthfulness. Laertes acts as the wronged son operation in open force who dates damnation He has all the moral legitimacy that Claudius lacks and that Hamlet has forfeited through not playing quick enough and procrastination too much. Hamlet, however, does have powerful and genuine incitement a dear father murderd as one soliloquy puts it and a mother staind as does another.Laertes confronts the king in Act 4, scent 5. He demands where is my father how came he dead? Ill be revenged most t horoughly for my father believing Claudius to be the perpetrator of his fathers murder. The words that Laertes utters could quite easily have come from Hamlets mouth. You can virtually hear the bitterness and scarcely contained fury in Laertes tone as he said these words. It is affecting that whereas Hamlet took time to establish Claudius s guilt for himself, Laertes had jumped in at the deep-end and confronted the king wrongfully.Claudius managed to diffuse the situation by giving very short snappy answers such as dead by give tongue to this he is showing that he is being honest and up-front with Laertes and giving no excuses. In Act 4, Scent 7 Laertes initial fury has calmed down, although he remains extremely confident about the task ahead. He thinks about Hamlets dirty deed and his noble father lost he welcomes Hamlets return so that he can tell him to his teeth though didest thou. Every word he says invites comparison with Hamlet.When he arrived at the palace to challenge th e king, Laertes brought with him a riotous head who cried, Laertes shall be king He is obviously very angry, and this can be seen in the manner in which he speaks to Claudius. He calls him a vile king, dares damnation, and vows to the blackest beat He obviously wants to make very clear his feelings on the matter of his fathers death and wants revenge. It can withal be seen that he has dispelled any respect he had for Claudius. This is different from Hamlet, because although Hamlet is not overly civilized to the king, he does not openly defy him as Laertes does in this scene.

How multi agencies work together Essay Example for Free

How multi agencies start together EssayThere are m all agencies that we work with to help with children and young peoples instruction. When we look at behavioural development, social interactions and speech development all these agencies link together. We use nursery transition days to help the child settle into their new environments and arrange intake visits and meetings with the school for a smoother transition. mixer services is used if we grant whatever concerns of a childs well being so wherefore constabulary and a designated social worker would also be involved. The health team are always on hand to help if whatsoever families need support with parenting or any development issues. They will then offer parents appropriate courses such as nurturing.At Playgroup we can point in the right cathexis of any help needed such as our family intervention officers who go into the family homes and will discuss any problems families may entertain. We run a language and play session which families are invited to where they can enjoy more or less one to one time with their child to do various activities that will enhance development and flesh parents confidence too. We have various teachers who can give us support too that work inside flying start that can give advice on childrens development and help observe children if we feel on that point are any problems. Also we can offer one to one support to children if they need it as many of us have had applicable training through senco.We work with health visitors on a daily basis as they are in the same building as us. They give us all relevant information on new children due to start and if there are any concerns with children already with us. We would discuss any issues we have with any children to the designated health visitor of the child as they have all relevant information on that child. Sogs assessments are a good way to see if a child is lacking in any developmental stage and these are used to de termine if any outside agencies are called in to discuss anything further.We have also worked closely with social services and have attested child protection conferences. These help us understand what is going on with the child in their home environment and will help us understand if there have been changes in the childs development at Playgroup too. We are able to keep all information confidential and it is only available to the relevant people involved. All staff are made aware of any children that are put on the child protectionlist and all staff have their child protection training updated so we are aware of what we do if we are unsure of a childs well being.

Manipulative Media Essay Example for Free

Manipulative Media Essay furthest beyond providing leisure and entertainment, mass medias value and importance can be observed on its ability to deliver or disseminate highly relevant and sociablely-significant tuition. Other than books and scholarly works, mass media make out the role of an overtly accessible library that is c arfully designed to meet the humanitys information needs and demands. Various forms of mass media much(prenominal) as tidingspapers, magazines, radio and television enabled mankind to gain insights at bottom the comfort of their homes. just now with the emergence of the World unspecific Web, accessing and spreading information form never been this easy. A simple click can generate tons and tons of data and statistics. Indeed, mass media have quick conquered the world. Nowadays, it call inmed that media outfits and institutions have transformed into what Habermas referred to as the so-called public sphere (qtd in Davies 3). However, a closer tr ial run of the matter clearly shows that mass medias functions extend beyond providing information. It cannot be denied that media outfits atomic number 18 one of the close influential and powerful institutions in any elapsen nine. It is highly capable of shaping the publics views and opinions.Likewise, media conduct can instigate or prompt mass actions. For so many years, exposes and published investigatory reports have been very(prenominal) instrumental in raising the publics awargonness which solutionually prolong to antithetical types of social movements. Indeed, constant exposure to different media content can alter ones behaviors and attitudes. But then again, the seemingly invincible influence of mass media has been overtly abused and exploited. To a sure extent, media has transformed into a manipulative machine that no less(prenominal) than promote the capitalistic aims of the judgment class.Media channels deliberately and arrangingatically distort messages and n ews stories that leave the public as mere passive consumers. The parable of facts and exaggeration of events be intentionally performed to garner high ratings and the intention to inform is blatantly ignored and taken for granted. Manipulation and deceit Mass media as Ideological State Apparatuses Mass media, together with the church, family and educational system atomic number 18 coverly identified by Al on that pointofser as forms of Ideological State Apparatuses (ISA) (Gabbard Ross 185).ISAs atomic number 18 readily use to promote the interests of the state. Given the capitalistic nature of many societies, it can be argued that ISAs reflect the affairs and concerns of the ruling class. ISAs utilize a subtle attack wherein the individuals ideological and political consciousness atomic number 18 molded and shaped. This is primarily performed to secure the ruling class positions in the economic, social and cultural hierarchy. The attack is draw as subtle since the suppr ession and repression are not directly felt. The use of force and violence are hardly felt.Thus, whenever there is suppression, manipulation occurs regardless of whether it is directly or indirectly manifested. In as out-of-the-way(prenominal) as mass media is concerned, these institutions have been operating as lucrative business endeavors that places heavy emphasis on profit accumulation. This scenario readily displaces mass medias role as watchdogs that secure the governments office and responsibility to the public. Media, in recent years have long been obsessed in commoditizing media contents that swear from news, music, film, variety shows and television programs.Profiteering dictates the name of the game and this can be only achieved if the public is lured into consuming different media products that are nonetheless insignificant. The public is made to believe that the things they see in television the ones that they see in the television the numerous advertisements that th ey encounter would satisfy their needs for knowledge and information. As a result, unethical practices in journalism, broadcasting and even advertising for that matter, became ordinary phenomena. A classic example of media manipulation can be observed in the overt sensationalism of crime and rape stories.These situations are highly experienced in print media and television. More often than not, many editors utilize catchy headlines to garner the publics attention. Acts of kill and violence are blown out of proportion and are presented vividly in news stories. feature articles turn red since oft focus is given on the events gory and blinking(a) details. Horrific photos of the crime scene are readily shown to catch the audiences attention. Likewise, television news programs are bombarded with an avalanche of bloody video clips and footages.As Anderson and Although it is original that crime and violence are concrete social realities, the exaggeration of these events generally take s the public away from the real issuethat criminal acts are social ills that must be confronted and readily resolved. However, what happens in the newsroom is that crime stories are treated as a spectacle of the dupes death or suffering. Anderson and Looney explained that many journalists and broadcasters have been operating under the principle that when it bleeds, it leads (271). This fundamentally explains the high importance given to crime stories.Yet, this scenario leads to yet an other problem. The (high demand) for crime stories due to sensationalism, tends to topple other of the essence(predicate) events that are worthy of media attention. The public is programmed to see crime stories as far more important compared to stories that tackle wellness or technologically-related subjects. Under this context, media is not necessarily performing its role as a reliable source of information. Rather, this institution is simply treating these stories as commodities that should be sold and consumed by the public. If sensationalism occurs, true statement and integrity are highly compromised.Evidently, the above-mentioned scenario showcases mass medias agenda-setting function. According to OHair et al agenda-setting is the process in which the public is made to believe that certain topics are highly important and gum olibanum requires utmost attention (68). Agenda-setting initially occurs in the selection of news stories that are delivered to the public (OHair et al 68). News desks and editors choose topics and articles that they perceive as something that would elicit a big impact to their target audience. Afterwards, these topics are constantly shown into the public.OHair et al mentioned that the priority given to these stories readily affect the viewers perception (68). As a result, stories that are often seen in the newspapers front pages of given long airtimes in television are immediately perceived by the audience as something relevant and significant. When certain issues are constantly placed in the limelight, they immediately become important even though in reality, there are other events that deserve the attention. Aside from crime stories, medias agenda-setting role is also seen during the 9/11 attacks.Much of the television news programs and newspapers devoted much of their time in covering such incident. counterbalance though the attacks are worthy of the attention, this does not discount the fact that there are other aspects of society that also needs to be tackled. There are also other situations that demand public attention. Unfortunately, the events massive appeal is something that media owners cannot possibly ignore for this would also mean an increase in their ratings, which in turn, would attract many advertisers. Speaking of advertisers, it can be observed that advertising, more than anything else has mastered the art of agenda-setting. announce agencies exploit various media channels in order to sell and market their r espective products. As much as realizable, advertisers would utilize each and all(prenominal) medium to catch the viewers attention and thus persuade them to patronize the goods that are marketed towards them. Take for example the case of the fast-food giant, McDonalds. By the time an individual opens his or her television, a McDonalds commercial is shown. The same thing happens when one reads a newspaper and turns on the radio. Similarly, McDonald billboards are confused in the streets.Now, with the rise of emerging technologies, McDonalds has also made its presence felt in the World Wide Web. Advertising is mainly focused on product promotion and marketing. Therefore, aside from utilizing media channels, advertisements also rely on the use of flowery language and visually-appealing materials to convince their target audiences. Some would even utilize celebrities and high-profiled individuals to endorse their products. But then again, the problem with this kind of set-up is that commercials do not divulge the truth to their consumers.For example, fast food are being marketed as goods that can satisfy the gastronomical needs of consumers, without really rendering o devoting also much time for food preparation. However, fast-food in reality, are known for having high-calorie content and is considered as the primary beat of obesity that could also lead to other chronic diseases such as diabetes, for example. Theses hidden truths are unplowed from the public via the use of mouth-watering images of food. With celebrity endorsements, the products credibility and importance are tho highlighted.Although media channels are fully aware of the flaws and negative effects of a particular product, these advertisements are ceaselessly delivered to the public. This basically stems from the fact that media outfits rely on advertisements for financial support. A two-minute airtime and a small space in newspapers are sanely expensive. Thus, such situations are readily p ermitted and tolerated. In the meantime, mass media also employ stereotyping to fix the audience. Certain groups or individuals are presented negatively. This scenario can be seen in many films and television programs.For example, Asiatic actors and actresses are constantly stereotyped as villains in many Hollywood films (Larson 20). A critical observation shows that Asian artists often take the bad guys role in many featured films. In a recently released film, The Mummy, Jet Li performed the antagonists character. Although other Asian artist such as Maggie Cheung was presented as one of the protagonists, this did not erase the fact that in multicultural movies, Asians would always bout the evil character. The Mummy is no different from other films such as Kill Bill. Indeed, it is true that genus Uma Thurmans mentor, Pai-Mei possess great marshal arts skills.However, it cannot be denied that Pai Mei trains individuals that are involved in criminal acts. Apparently, the dual chara cterization of Asian actors and actresses is simply a futile attempt to abolish stereotyping and to a certain extentdiscrimination. On the other hand, as for the case of television programs, it can be seen that many shows have influenced the body perception of many teenagers. More often than not, mass media constantly redefines the meaning of true beauty. In many television shows, a woman becomes beautiful if she has a slender figure.There are many instances in which television programs have blatantly shown how over-weight individuals are bullied and verbally-abused. Consequently, the effects of media manipulation are very alarming. This is most especially true as for the case of young audiences. Teenagers are easily persuaded by what the see in the television, newspapers and the internet. Compared to adults, these individuals are less critical when it comes to various media content that they encounter. For example, over exposure to violence have led many children and teenagers to m imic the behaviors and attitudes that they see (Kirsh 30).Oftentimes, children tend to identify with television personalities. Because of the degree of admiration that they give to these celebrities, some youngsters go to the extent of copying the actions and gestures that they see on screen without ever thinking the possible consequences that their actions might generate. s But then again, it is important that this situation is not experienced by children alone. The increase rate of rape cases are directly linked to the rapists massive exposure to pornographic materials. Individuals that mimic or copy violent behaviors perceive criminal acts as no less than ordinary occurrences.Thus, the possible change that it may inflict or produce are no longer taken into consideration. Deviant acts are reenacted primarily because desensitization (Allison Cross 125) has already occurred. Relatively, media manipulation has also created a highly consumerist culture. The massive influx of adverti sing and its use of compelling taglines and attractive images have resulted to the creation of false needs. The public are unconsciously forced to consume goods or commodities that they do not really need. Fast foods, for example are pretty low when it comes to its nutritional content.Yet, more and more consumers are patronizing such products. This readily prevents society from twist healthy and productive communities. As more and more individuals suffer from obesity and other chronic diseases, the expenses rendered for health services tend to increase. The money that could have been use for other purposes are now utilized in treating obesity-related ailments. Likewise, medias stereotypical nature is responsible for creating more societal divisions and fragmentations. It loosens the social fabric that binds each and every individual, regardless of their race and ethnic origins.Discrimination now becomes a difficult challenge to overcome and minority groups are constantly pushed in to the periphery. In as far as media stereotyping is concerned, such is also instrumental in the proliferation of negative body perceptions. More often than not, media has been pointed out as one of the leading causes of eating disorders that are experienced by many teenagers Conclusion Stereotyping, agenda-setting and the creation of false needs are some of the tactical maneuver employed by media organizations to manipulate the viewers.These activities are performed primarily because media outfits are now more focused on its capitalistic agendas that readily neglect their purpose as information providers. The public are no less than treated and seen as mere customers and not a vital part of society that must be constantly informed and educated. Under these circumstances, critical thinking must be readily practiced and exercised. The public must fully examine the media contents that are presented unto them.Works CitedAllison, Annie and Gary Cross. Millennial Monsters. California Un iversity of California Press, 2006 Anderson, C. Leigh and Janet Looney. qualification Progress. Lexington Books Maryland, 2002 Davies, Maire. Dear BBC Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 2001 Gabbard, David and Wayne Ross. Defending Public Schools Education Under The Security State Westport, CT Greenwood Publishing Inc. , 2004 Kirsh, Steven. Children, Adolescents and Media Violence. capital of the United Kingdom Sage Publications Inc. , 2006 Larson, Stephanie. Media and Minorities. Maryland Rowman Littlefield Publishers Inc, 2006 OHair, H. Dan Robert Heath, Gerald s Ledlow and Mark Cwiek . Community Preparedness and Response to Terrorism conference and the Media. Westport, CT Greenwood Publishing Inc. , 2005

Sin Tax Bill (For the Government) Essay Example for Free

dark valuate woodpecker (For the Government) Essay accord to James Sadowsky, condition of The Economics of break taskes, valuatees impose on products seen as vices such as inebriantic liquors and baccys ar c altogethered repulsiveness valuate. Aside from the commodities being objects of disapproval, even their consumers accept such revenue enhancementes because they seem to hit two birds in unity stone. First, they raise taxations and second, they made vices expensive. House Bill 5727 or excessively known as the sinning Tax Bill aims to reform the imposed tax on the sin products (Official Gazette, 2002). We support this bill for three reasons. First, the organisation can collect more(prenominal) revenues. Second, it set ups health by dissuading the consumption of the vices. And lastly, the vile sector benefits from it. hell tax is a form of an fret tax. It is a tax levied on some commodities just now not all commodities unlike sales tax.This is how t he government gene vagabonds more revenues (Sadowsky). However, the opposition claims that this bill leave alone backfire on its goals. Since the expense of the price of the commodities go forth rise, the demand entrust decrease. Thus, there will be no revenues to gene number which c equal one of the goals of the bill since industries such as tobacco plant will die. However, the products under sin tax ar vices. Some people ar already addicted to them. Even if the price of these products will rise, people will still buy though some price conscious such as the poor sector and students will cut their consumption (Fonbuena qtd. Monsod, 2012 ). Plus, even the demand for the sin products will decrease the increased tax will make up for the injury demand. Thus, the industries will not die. The opposition also verbalise that the rate of smuggling will worsen.However, according to economist and former Economic Planning deposit Solita Monsod, there is no connection between the ris e of the levied tax and smuggling. Countries such as Japan and Singapore who levied tax the highest on sin products even have the lowest rate of smuggling. Moreover, digression from being a revenue bill, Philippine College of Physicians, new(a) Vois Association of the Philippines (NVAP), and former(a) health advocates claim that the bill is importantly a health bill. According to Emerson Rojas, New Vois President, should the sin tax bill be passed, more adult smokers would be encouraged to pull up stakes smoking, and also deter the start of young smokers. Many people can be prevented from having diseases gained from these vices.Moreover, a macroscopic portion of the revenue will go to public health while the smaller will go to affected tobacco workers (Reyes qtd. Drilon, 2012). According to health Undersecretary Ted Herbosa, money collected from the pains will be utilise to enroll trillions of poor families into socialized healthc atomic number 18 and for the improvement of the whole healthc be advantage words. Thus aside from improving public health, the poor sector will benefit more from the bill. However, the opposition claimed that there is inequality in the bill. The poor are the ones to shipment the raised tax. But then according to Solita Monsod, the poor are the ones who are supposed to lessen their expense on these vices since they are the ones who can barely afford to wages medical needs if they acquire diseases from these vices.SourcesBelo, Walden. The Sin tax Promoting the Nations Health. Inquirer. May 12, 2012. Web. Fonbuena, Carmela. 5 fake Economic Claims on Sin Tax According to Solita Monsod. Rappler. October 18, 2012. Web. Investopedia. Sin Tax. Web.Official Gazette. Sin Taxes. September 19, 2012. Web.Reyes, Karl John. Sin Tax Passage to Affect Ph Trade, Finance and Social Services Drilon. Interaksyon. September 28, 2012. Web. Tan, Kimberly. Liqour, Tobacco Companies reminded of Sin Products Social Impact. Gma News. August 23, 2012. Web The Wages of the sin Taxes. May 15, 2012. Web.Sin Tax Bill two tax And Health Measure. Manila Bulletin. October 2012. Web.INTRODUCTIONSin TaxA state-sponsored tax that is added to products or serve that are seen as vices, such as alcohol, tobacco and gambling. These type of taxes are levied by governments to discourage individuals from partaking in such activities without making the use of the products illegal. These taxes also provide a source of government revenue.ExplanationSin taxes are typically added to liquor, butt joints and other non-luxury items. State governments favor sin taxes because they generate an enormous amount of revenue and are usually easily accepted by the general public because they are indirect taxes that just now affect those who use the products. When individual states run deficits, the sin tax is typically one of the first taxes recommended by lawmakers to help fill the budget gap. Source http//www.investopedia.com/terms/s/sin_tax.aspixzz2H TDslR4A Why are we supporting it?1. To promote health by discouraging vice.2. To collect more revenue for healthcare.HealthAccording to the Department of Health (DOH), the Philippines has an estimated 17.3 million tobacco consumers, the most number of smokers in Southeast Asia. Filipinos on average consume 1, 073 cigarette sticks yearbookly, while the smokers in the region consume less than a thousand sticks yrly. This high consumption rate is seen as a result, among others, of the very low cigarette prices in our country. Smoking is responsible for 71 per centum of lung cancer deaths in the world. Consequently, lung cancer is the leading form of cancer in the Philippines.DOH statistics reveal that 10 Filipinos die every hour because of smoking. According to the DOH, a 10 per centumage increase in tobacco taxes will reduce the number of smokers by two million by 2016. A significant nightfall in the number of smokers will likewise reduce the number of smoking-related deaths. Me anwhile, drinking alcohol, though effects are relatively less severe health-wise than smoking, has posed a number of costs on the individual and society.RevenueThe sin tax proposes the following reforms* Maintain the specific form of excise taxation (e.g., per piece, per pack, per proof liter) to discourage consumption, have more revenues that are predictable and easier to administer, and devoid of incentives for manufacturers and importers with under-invoice products * A shift from a multi-tiered tax complex body part to a single tax structure (1) For cigarettes, a two-rate structure of P14 and P30 per pack for the 1st two years, and a uniform rate of P30 per pack of cigarettes on the troika year. (2) For fermented liquor, immediate implementation of unified rate of P25/liter. (3) For distilled spirits, a two-year transition period to a unified rate of P150 per proof liter on the third year. * Adopt an automatic annual adjustment of tax rates using relevant NSO-established tobacc o and alcohol indexes after the third year. * A shift from a raw-material criterion to an alcohol-content criterion in taxing distilled spirits. * Revenues from sin taxes are to augment the funds of the Aquino administrations universal health care program. * The continued communion with tobacco farmers of the incremental revenues.STATEMENTS FROM HIGH-RANKING OFFICIALS ABOUT SIN TAX BILLSin Tax Bill Both Revenue And Health MeasureManila Bulletin Wed, Oct 3, 2012The Philippine College of Physicians, New Vois Association of the Philippines (NVAP), and other health advocates on Tuesday urged legislators to view Senate Bill 3249, otherwise known as the Sin Tax Bill, not only as a revenue bill, but more importantly as a health bill. , Its time to take action and pass the true sin tax bill, and not a particular sin tax bill in favor of our tobacco manufacturers said former Health Secretary Esperanza Cabral. She is asking lawmakers to pass the bill in order to lower tobacco consumption in the country. New Vois President Emerson Rojas shared the harmful effects of tobacco. Rojas was a heavy smoker who eventually suffered from Stage 4 laryngal cancer.He is now unable to talk, save for a device he is now using which is an electrolarynx. The Philippines has the cheapest prices of cigarettes in the Western Pacific Region, he lamented. Should the sin tax bill be passed, more adult smokers would be encouraged to quit smoking, and also discourage the start of young smokers. Let us be on guard against the watering down of SB3249, urged Rojas. On the other hand, Department of Health Consultant on Non-Communicative Diseases Dr. Tony Leachon and material Convention on Tobacco Control of the Philippines representative Dr. Maricar Limpin are pushing for the passage of the sin tax bill so that the government would have more money to build better hospitals and provide bonus health care for the poor. With the sin tax, there would be better revenue for health, noted Leachon. DOH Sin Tax is Pro-PoorThis thought is backed up by the DOH, which believes that the sin tax is not only anti-cancer, but pro-poor as well. As the tobacco attention targets the poor in marketing their products, it will also be the poor who will benefit from the sin tax as money collected from the industry will be used to enroll millions of poor families into socialized healthcare and for the improvement of the whole healthcare service delivery, said Health Undersecretary Ted Herbosa. According to the 2012 survey of the Philippine Institute for Development Studies, the prevalence of smoking in the country is higher among the poorest of the poor with 40 percent belonging to the lowest quintile while 36 percent come from the second lowest quintile. The figures are the opposite among the rich, where 25 percent of smokers are considered affluent.This bureau that of the 17.3 million adult smokers in the country, 76 percent of them are poor. This also reinforces previous studies that the poo r spend more on cigarettes than on education and health, said Herbosa. Citing results of the 2009 Family Income and Expenditure Survey, the health undersecretary said the countrys poorest spend as some(prenominal) as 67 percent of their income on food and that two-thirds of them do not see a medico or do not seek a health facility when they get sick. Herbosa said as the poor are likely to be less informed of the harmful effects of smoking, they serve as a major market for the tobacco industry. They also suffer most from all diseases and economic burden attributed to smoking. According to Prof. Tony Dans of the University of the Philippines College of Medicine, half of the annual 300,000 deaths from non-communicable diseases in the country are attributed to smoking.A enumerate of P188 zillion is also being lost every year from the top four killers of Filipinos (lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, totality attack, and stroke) which are all smoking-related. We have to turn the tide and make the tobacco industry pay for the health and economic burdens that smoking brings. By taxing tobacco we will be able to enroll a total of 10.9 million poor families into the Philippine Health Insurance Corp. (PhilHealth) and increase catastrophic benefits from 10 percent to 30 percent of the total cost, said Herbosa. The DOH also plans to use revenues from the sin tax to direct an additional 10,000 doctors, 50,000 nurses and midwives, and 100,000 community health teams to fill in gaps in health personnel. In addition, a total of 2,243 rural health units, 403 district hospitals, and 37 DOH-retained hospitals will also be enhanced as a result of sin tax revenues while about 700,000 rotavirus and pneumococcal vaccines will be purchased for poor infants.By taxing the tobacco industry we will not only improve our countrys healthcare service delivery but we will also prevent diseases and premature deaths because of smoking, Herbosa explained. The DOH estimates t hat around 170,000 deaths would be prevented during the first year of implementation of the sin tax. Meanwhile, around two million smokers are expected to quit from consuming tobacco by 2016 as a result of a higher tobacco levy. We will be able to save the lives of the poor and prevent our children from taking up smoking when we increase the tax for tobacco products. At the same time we will be able to improve our healthcare service delivery to add to the poorest of our population, Herbosa said. .http//ph.news.yahoo.com/sin-tax-bill-both-revenue-health-measure-213324211.htmlPOSSIBLE ARGUMENTS FROM THE OPPOSING SIDEFALSE CLAIMSHere are the top 5 false claims that the industry is supposedly spreading 1. Tax increase will intensify smugglingPresenting statistics in various Asian countries, Monsod limned that theres no relation between increase in excise tax on cigarettes and illicit trade. Countries where cigarettes are most expensive Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, and Australia ha ve the lowest incidence of illicit smuggling. theres no relationship, said Monsod.2. Sin tax is inequitableCritics of the Sin Tax measure point that its the poor that will bear the most proportion of the tax. Implenting a unitary sin tax, base on the original version of the legislative proposal, means the same tax will be imposed cheap and high-end cigarette brands. In the Philippines, the biggest proportion of smokers also come from the poor. Monsod said its not an issue. We are not taxing a good. We are taxing a bad. The proportion of smokers is higher among the poor. Who buys the most? The poor. And they are the ones suffering health-wise. Do not use problem of inequity because precisely we want to stop the poor from smoking. Theyre spending so much buying cigarettes. They cannot afford the cost of medication, said Monsod. 3. Farmers, retailers to lose accompanimentMonsod questioned the statistics of the Philippine Tobacco Institute (PTI) a total of 840,146 people are employe d in tobacco farming. With 32,325 hectares of farmland, that would mean there are 26 tobacco farmers and helpers per hectare. Does that sound right to you? And yet, this was accepted without demur by our legislators. Nonsense. There are 52,000 farmers based on National Tobacco Administration data, said Monsod. If the annual income per hectare is P80,000, it means that the annual income of a tobacco farmer is P3,269, Monsod data. I am only using their data to show that their numbers are ridiculousHow can anybody survive with P3,000 a year, Monsod added. Another argument against the Sin Tax measure claims retailers will suffer from loss of sales from cigarettes. Monsod said retailers will likely keep their acquire from cigarette sales because the demand for the product is elastic. And even if they lose sales from cigarettes, Monsod said it shouldnt be a problem. If people stop buying cigarettes, you think theyre not going to buy anything else? Cigarettes loss will be milks gain or ri ces gain, she said. 4. Tobacco industry will die and govt will lose moneyAll studies show the contrary, Monsod said. Price increase, she said, will not decrease sales because demand for cigarettes is elastic. Price increase will not deter smokers, said Monsod, because smokers are already addicted. They will continue to buy cigarettes, she said. If you have diabetes and insulin increased by 300%, you are still going to buy insulin, she explained. 5. Negative net economic benefitsBased on Monsods presentation, the annual gross revenue from cigarette sales is P103 billion but its cost to health is P188 billion. Monsod said that is a net cost of P85 billion. Even if the revenues were there, you will still say Remove Tobacco, she added. Its important that carnal knowledge passes a unitary sin tax, Monsod added. A unitary tax is absolutely imperative. If it is not unitary, what you are fundamentally doing is, you are throwing the poor to the dogs. Let them die. You are allowing them to k ill themselves cheaper, Monsod said. Most, if not all, countries like the U.S. and Great Britain have take a unitary tax, she added. The House of Representatives in June passed on third and final reading a two-tier excise tax structure for tobacco products and 3-tier for alcohol. The diluted measure reduces projected revenues from P60 billion a year to P30 billion a year.