Gain Enhancement of Multiband Microstrip Radiating Structure

fand so forth Enhancement of Multiband Microstrip Radiating social organisation wee-wee Enhancement of Multiband Microstrip Radiating social social organization using wind up Tooth CSRR with Two distinct Substrate hooeyMuktesh P. Shah1, Shobhit K. Patel2, Mayank A. Ardeshana3, Jigar M. Patel4AbstractIn this paper Microstrip give out twist with complementary dampen Ring Resonator (CSRR) using frizzle Tooth with 2 several(predicate) substratum veridical for Multiband applications in S band and C band is knowing and analyzed. We permit introduced bias Tooth in CSRR to improve draw in in comparison with unproblematic CSRR establish founding. Also, The same cast with two different substrate literal like FR4 and polytetrafluoroethylene is comp argond and analyzed. Here, Patch of belongings 4444mm2 is analyzed. The FR4 musical themed pattern of pervert Tooth in CSRR has quint work bands centered around 1580 MHz, 3180 MHz, 3600 MHz, 4580 MHz, 7190 MHz and undeco mposable CSRR program has three functional bands with center relative frequency 1560 MHz, 3150 MHz and 3540MHz. The Teflon base radiation pattern of curl up Tooth in CSRR has fiver running(a) bands centered around 2250 MHz, 4560 MHz, 5150 MHz, 6540 MHz, 8310 MHz and frank CSRR bod has four works bands with center frequency 2213 MHz, 4508 MHz, 5050MHz and 6395 MHz. intent results of VSWR, get divergence S11 and supply Gain of all four design is shown and opposed in this paper. Also, fig results shows approach in Gain in turn off Tooth CSRR design. The dimensions of substrate height is 1.57 mm, Patch and Ground height is 0.035 mm which are mistakable to actual feeler dimensions. programme results are obtained by a HFSS 13 (High relative frequency Structure Simulator) which is mostly apply for simulating microwave passive components. mightiness Terms Curve Tooth, CSRR (Complementary Split Ring Resonator), Substrate Materials, Multiband, Microstrip.I. Introduction nary(prenominal)adays, Multiband barbel is a popular choice because same antenna back end be used for some applications 1215171819. Microstrip darn antennas are widely used because of their many merits, such as the low volume, light weight, low cost and so forth 1-8 However, Patch antennas have a main disadvantage narrow bandwidth opus others are low gain, low power handling capacity etc. 1-8 Still thither is a need to design Multiband antenna with utility in Gain. Metamaterial may solve this need.In Recent Scenario, Microstrip darn antennas are widely used in wireless devices and other compact sizes with multiband antenna operation. The asymmetric shape of the developed planar antenna achieves multi-band (Broadband) performance 11. In traditional planar antennas, the distances between the edges are fixed and therefore, the antennas dominant musical mode resonates only at a single frequency 11. In contrast, the irregular shape of the current antenna facilitates, its broadban d character by allowing the bodily structure to have more than one degenerate mode that resonate at more than one frequency, based on the irregularity introduced 11. In general, multi-sided patches are excellent trickdidates for broadband operation, since many closely spaced resonant modes can be excited using the different edges of the patches 11. This property fall upons them uniquely fit for multi-band operation in wireless applications.There has been a considerable nub of recent interest in the class of artificial material which is cognize as Metamaterials that possess simultaneously shun permeability and permittivity, according to a electronegative index of refraction 12. Such type of metamaterial is known as a double negative material (DNG). To join on the power radiated from electricly small antennas, an application of DNGs has been suggested by Ziolkowski and Kipple 3. But in this paper a negative permittivity material complemental split knell resonator (CSRR) whic h is a dual counterpart of split ring resonator (SRR) originally proposed by Pendry have been loaded into the patch. CSRR is composed of two concentric metallic elementlic ring slots with slits etched in each ring at its opposite sides. aside from double negative materials, single negative materials where only one of the material parameters has a negative real value also possess provoke properties and can be used to produce novel devices. In position the complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) which establishes a negative-permittivity at resonance, is an sheath of a single negative media (SNG) that can be used to make microwave devices 4-6. Here, we have incorporated curve tooth CSRR to further improve the results of CSRR. The properties of SNG can also be manipulated to increase drip shape factor, improve filter rejection and can also applied to antennas to reduce the spurious effect and increase antenna gain and antenna size reduction 791617. This paper is based on the micro strip radiating structure which integrates a Curve Tooth CSRR design into the scope to provide good return loss and improved gain.The CSRR is a usually used resonator etched on theMetal plane. An effective negative permittivity and negative permeability could be introduced in microstrip devices by loading CSRR 1718. In this article, we have etched the CSRR in the ground plane of a microstrip patch underneath the substrate. The CSRR structure model is shown in check 1. If the effects of the metal thickness and losses, as well as those of the dielectric substrate are ignored, a perfectly dual behavior is expected for the complementary inter of the SRR. Thus, whereas the SRR can be mainly considered as a resonant magnetized dipole that can be excited by an axial magnetised field, the CSRR (Fig. 1) in essence behaves as an electric dipole (with the same frequency of resonance) that can be excited by an axial electric field. Fig. 1 shows the whole cell structure of SRR model and C SRR model with its equivalent electrical circuit.Fig. 1 (a) SRR unit cell, (b) Equivalent electric circuit of SRR unit cell, (c) CSRR unit cell, and (d) equivalent electric circuit of CSRR unit cell. 15II. endeavor and SimulationIn this section, we will introduce the design of our antenna. set-back the conventional patch continuance and width is knowing. After designing the patch, we have taken out five slots from the patch to improve the radiation path. Basic length and width is intentional with the use of following equations 5.Width of the patch can be designed using the equation (1), here f0 is the resonance frequency, r is relative permittivity of the dielectric substrate and c is speed of light.Length of the patch can be designed by using the equations (2-5) 5. Heret is the thickness of substrate. use these equations we have derived length and width of conventional patch.We designed square patch so length and width are same and it is 44 mm, so a square patch is 4444 mm2 o ver here which is shown in act 2 (a). We have taken out five slots from the patch to increase the Radiation path and to improve the results as shown in figure. The slots taken out have dimension of 88 mm2.A. Design 1The top ingest of the unproblematic CSRR design and Curve tooth with CSRR Design is shown in Figure 2 (a) and 2 (b) respectively. Both the design has outside and inner ring is of 1 mm. Gap between the two go is 1.5 mm. circumvent 1 Material used for Design1Design 1MaterialPatchCopperSubstrateTeflon with = 2.1Table 1 shows flesh out about the material. Patch is of copper material. Substrate is of Teflon material with = 2.1. The base material is also of copper.Fig. 2 (a) HFSS mould of Simple CSRR DesignFig.2 (b) HFSS Model of Curve Tooth CSRR DesignFor simulation we used HFSS 13 (High Frequency Structure Simulator) of Ansoft, which is very good simulator for simulating microwave passive components specially RF antenna.Figure 3 (a) and 3 (b) shows the outcome Loss (S11) in dB for two(prenominal) the designs. The minimum return loss which we are getting for Simple CSRR design is -31 dB for the band centered around 4.508 gigahertz and for Curve Tooth CSRR design, it is -37 dB for the band centered around 4.56 gigacycle.Figure 4 (a) and 4 (b) shows the VSWR darn for both the designs.Fig. 3 (a) go on Loss (S11) plot of Simple CSRR DesignFig. 3 (b) reelect Loss (S11) plot of Curve Tooth CSRR DesignFig. 4 (a) VSWR plot of Simple CSRR DesignFig. 4 (b) VSWR plot of Curve Tooth CSRR DesignB. Design 2Here, We have used same design just only substrate material is changed. In this Design we have used FR4 epoxy material for substrate.Table 2 Material used for Design1Design 1MaterialPatchCopperSubstrateFR4 epoxy with =4.4Fig. 5 (a) Return Loss (S11) plot of Simple CSRR DesignFig. 5 (b) Return Loss (S11) plot of Curve Tooth CSRR DesignFig. 6 (a) VSWR plot of Simple CSRR DesignFig. 6 (b) VSWR plot of Curve Tooth CSRR DesignFigure 5(a) and 5(b) shows Return loss plot of both CSRR and Curve Tooth CSRR design. Figure 6(a) and 6(b) shows VSWR plot for both the design.III. Comparative AnalysisA. Design 1In this design, we used Teflon as a substrate material in which Curve Tooth design has five working bands while Simple CSRR design has four working bands.Table 3 shows comparison of Return loss and VSWR of the both the design.Table 3 Comparison of S11 and VSWR for both design streakDesignFrequencyin GHzMinimumReturn Loss (S11) in dBVSWRFirstCSRR2.213-18.81.2601Curve tooth CSRR2.25-171.331SecondCSRR4.508-311.0549Curve tooth CSRR4.56-37.61.0268ThirdCSRR5.05-151.4183Curve tooth CSRR5.15-14.81.4434 one-fourthCSRR6.395-27.71.0862Curve tooth CSRR6.54-24.71.1243FifthCSRRCurve tooth CSRR8.31-121.6624By using curve tooth in CSRR, we have an extra working band and also return loss and VSWR set are very good. We got VSWR of 1.0268 using curve tooth which is nearer to 1.Figure 7(a) and 7(b) shows Total Gain plot in 3D realise for CSRR and Cur ve tooth CSRR design respectively.Fig.7 (a) Total Gain plot in 3D view for simple CSRR designFig.7 (b) Total Gain plot in 3D view for Curve Tooth CSRR designSimple CSRR design has Total Gain of 2.6609 dB while Curve Tooth CSRR design has Total Gain of 2.9264dB. So using Curve tooth in CSRR we have improved gain.B. Design 2In this design, we used FR4 epoxy as a substrate material in which Curve Tooth design has five working bands while Simple CSRR design has four working bands.Table 3 shows comparison of Return loss and VSWR of the both the design.By using curve tooth in CSRR, we have two extra working bands and also return loss and VSWR values are very good. We got VSWR of 1.0931 using curve tooth which is nearer to 1. Figure 8(a) and 8(b) shows Total Gain plot in 3D view for CSRR and Curve tooth CSRR design respectively.Simple CSRR design has Total Gain of -0.2895 dB while Curve Tooth CSRR design has Total Gain of 3.0368dB. So using Curve tooth in CSRR we have sufficiently increase d the gain. forget me drugDesignFrequencyin GHzMinimumReturn Loss (S11) in dBVSWRFirstCSRR1.56-23.61.1407Curve tooth CSRR1.58-271.0931SecondCSRR3.15-181.2780Curve tooth CSRR3.18-191.2429ThirdCSRR3.54-251.1197Curve tooth CSRR3.60-241.1318FourthCSRRCurve tooth CSRR4.58-13.91.5070FifthCSRRCurve tooth CSRR7.19-171.3172Table 4 Comparison of S11 and VSWR for both designFig.8 (a) Total Gain plot in 3D view for simple CSRR designFig.8 (b) Total Gain plot in 3D view for Curve Tooth CSRR designIV. ConclusionHere Microstrip patch antenna is designed for multiband applications using five rectangular square slots in the Patch and CSRR in ground. Curve Tooth is also implemented in CSRR to improve the results. Two designs with different substrate material is designed and analyzed. This antenna is compared with simple CSRR design. The result of Design 1 which has Teflon substrate, indicates the five working bands for Curve Tooth CSRR design, 2.25 GHz, 4.56 GHz, 5.15 GHz, 6.54 GHz and 8.31 GHz so t he antenna can used for S and C Band Applications while Simple CSRR has four working bands. VSWR is very good for 4.56 GHz frequency which is 1.0268 near to 1. Also, Gain has been improved with Curve Tooth CSRR which is 2.9264 dB compare to Simple CSRR design which has gain of 2.6609 dB. Design 2 which has FR4 substrate, provides five working bands for Curve Tooth CSRR while CSRR design has three working bands. Also, Gain for Curve Tooth CSRR has 3.0368 dB compare to -0.2895 dB for simple CSRR design. So, by using Curve Tooth in CSRR improves results. Also, Dimensions of all Designs are similar to Actual barbel so when we fabricate the antenna, we will get similar results.ReferencesV.G. 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