Impacts Of Tourism On Natural Environment Tourism Essay

Impacts Of holidaymakerry On Natural surroundings touristry judgeHow is touristry related to the life analogous purlieu? Discuss ways in which milieual saving discount be enhanced through touristry. touristry and Environment An IntroductionBefore elaborating the relativity of tourism and Environment, it is necessary to overcome two(prenominal) terms individu in ally. Relativity is to distinguish contrast and characterise in the midst of deuce different values for fancying their dependability upon each opposite.Tourism Tourism is now a phenomenon, not just a open holiday activity. It to a fault has to be con sidered that touristry and tourist atomic number 18 two different characteristics. Approaches specialise tallyly and it croupe be defined according to both discretionsIt touristry is a gentleman activity which encompasses man behaviour, usance of options, and interaction with different throng, economies and purlieus. pig, 19911 cited in Holden, A. (2008).From mentioned definition touristry is mainly rivet on rude(a) or affable lookings, where author has examined touristry on the basis of surroundingsal characteristics. Another understanding could be from the perspective of a visitor or tourist, again I would corresponding to mention a definition from Holdens writing where he utilize some other authors definition to differentiate from the previous point of view.Tourism as an attitude to the world or a way of seeing the world, not necessarily what we find lone(prenominal) at the end of a long and arduous journey Franklin, 200333 cited in Holden, A. (2008).This definition is from the perspective of a tourist as a single entity and more than than individualistic. Here personal experience is more crucial for a consumer. Tourism is not a very old instruction for world but travel defiantly is. Tourism is more of gaining an olympian experience than a regular musical accompaniment, while travel butt joint consis ts of diverse reasons behind it.But according to Hunter and Green (1995, pp 1) thither is no universally accepted definition of touristry. This is not surp ascending, since what constitutes a tourist and the tourism industry atomic number 18 still matters of debate.Environment In terms of tourism, Environment is always understood as a nature or standard pressure of a destination or a adjust which is used for tourism. nature consists of mountains, pissing resources such as sea side, sea, rivers, waterfalls etc. Green environs involves plants, forests, parks, rainforests, safaris etc. when elaborated to wilderness it consists wild life, animals, forest species and so on. socially heritage sites or cultural uniqueness is also a parting of an environment.In environmental studies it has commonly been assumed that there exists a implicit in(p) connection between a societys worry of natural resources and its perception of nature. Brunn and Kalland (19951) cited in Holden, A. (2 008).Environmental studies and explanations atomic number 18 vast and distributions of its characteristics ar crucial. If we look at it from a different perspective it seems environment consists of whole world (living or non living beings) including humans, animals, plants and resources. From evolution humans atomic number 18 using environmental resources. When observed this use or tone ending, it is categorised as Environmental study. Resistance and Resilience ar two distinctions in this study, where Resistance is tolerance of the site (while getting used and still being undisturbed) and Resilience is the ability to recover from the happened loss or change. Some sites birth either qualities or some not. Hence receivable(p) to its characteristics,Hunter and Green (1995) stated that environment hatful be subdivided into one-third components as the physical environment or a biotic environment which includes solar energy, soil, water and climate.Tourism and Environment atom ic number 18 interdependentTourism is based on the environment Tourism has and will always pig the natural resources. Tourism is the main incidentor carrying out the natural environment in both compulsory and b deprivationball look. Even simplest material body of tourism like visiting a zoo consumes environmental resources such as animals, birds or plants. much(prenominal) a kind simple form of tourism also renders constructive as well as unconstructive do. The invalidating effect cases office be the capturing animals from their natural habitat and belongings them in a zoo, whereas positive aspect chamberpot be that by capturing the animals they are getting protected against hunters and other environmental conditions that can be captious to them. In diverse other smaller or greater impressions tourism has both negative and positive effects, but more important is to understand the actual destruction or refurbishments causing from tourism towards environment.It is unders tandable that human involvement with environment tend to use the resources, if it cant surgical process to limit them grow at least they can be saved from prox damages by use of intelligent human behaviour. Study of tourism environment is about understanding the cause and effect rule and to regard theories to protect the environmental loss due to mass tourism. It is also material that Tourism should place along with the higher quality of environment and environment shall get benefit from it not the damage. No doubt every human action has its testify pros and cons and fragility of nature resources essential not be seriously harm by it. Tourism is without a doubt among the worlds highest frugal industries (whether on the cost of environment) and relationship between tourism and environment can get equilibrate if financial profits gets used for the saving programs or environmental sustainability.Impacts of Tourism on environmentAll activities consume resources and divulge redundancy, possibly all these activities has a potential to spoil the environment, and in homogeneous context Tourism is no exception. Tourism has actual as a largest industry and any activity happens at a mass cod aim by all odds leaves its positive and negative impacts, such as tourism did in the past. Although not the case that every environmental problem is produced by tourism but still being a mass industry it affects on a wider platform.Negative ImpactsThe harmful impact of tourism can write down the natural environment when the negative impacts on the environment are sufficiently intensive and extensive. Such as damaging biodiversity of particular areas which includes holiday retreats, illumination of vegetation for constructing resorts and hotels or other tourism facilities, and also some(prenominal) out of date species have been brought to the verge of disappearance due to non-tourism nuisance which are at present related to tourism. Habitat devastation brought b y unrestrained and ill plotted tourism is the prime cause of extinction of species which eventually destroy the natural balance, but destruction of biodiversity can have far reaching effects than this. Another negative impact is the depletion of natural resources like water, land and resources like food, energy or raw materials etc. which are already in short supply. Degradation of land resources like wood or plantations is another example of the negative impacts of tourism on the natural environment. Solid elope littering is more common in the case of trekking, rock climbing or hiking tourists. Tourism also pollutes the tourism sites with noise and air befoulments, problems are more compounded in countries or regions which lack or does not have the ability to effectively treat such forms of pollutants generated from tourism activities. Tourism tuition is more or less obligated for most of the harmful impacts that tourism has on the natural environment. The cutting down of fores ted areas, changing the beautify etc all have negative impacts on the ecological balance of the tourism destination, whereas directs of impact may vary from site to site, but the negative impacts of tourism on the environment cannot be ignored. The negative impacts are intensely circumpolar in ecologically fragile environments.Whether from generating a tender site or a heritage site used for different prospective, somehow environment is getting a hard time by this. By pollution, song of persons using limited resources, behaviour of tourists while on holidays and so on are some of the causes which directly or indirectly affects environment. It may include both physical and cultural aspects. Unless managing at all level it is fractious to provide specific consideration to each resource and this is how this becomes a negative aspect towards tourism, environment has to pay such cost by loss to the natural shots to beaches, coral reefs or heritage sites.Effluence caused by tourism main concerns faced by tourism trade today. The sewage waste from tourist resorts are drained into the rivers causing pollution in the river water and eventually to sea bed, it highly affects the marine life. Extreme use of natural resource that is fossil fuel to generate energy for tourist activity, the activities of overfishing, inessential use of ground water resources, are only few of problems which are created by tourism industry which in turn causes the reduction of the resource.As tourism grows, it also give hands to increased littering, various forms of pollution e.g. noise, water, air. Sewage and waste got increased sometimes to uncontrollable levels. Alongside hold for transportation gets high and number of vehicles produces numerous gases and noise in air. In areas where resources are limited, tourism develops a sense of competition, leading to all sorts of degradation. Such harmful impacts are majorly brought by poor management or lack of proper preservation machine in place.Positive impactsHowever with all these harmful effects, the environment is also gaining the optimistic outcome of tourism. Tourism is base towards a sustainable side by helping and preserving the natural resources for the forthcoming generation. Various nations and its conservative organisations are implementing strict plans for conserving their flora and fauna and defend their natural resources.We should not only see at the dark side of the moon if tourism has its costs, its pays back as well, as tourism grows it definitely encourage several other industries to rise side by side. Whenever a destination is selected to develop as a tourism destination presidency and planning sources put bms for the regeneration of the place. It consists of re bouncyisation of an area or a site and beautifies the local environment. Thus this performance brings new colours to the site. any(prenominal) vital site when comes under tourism perspective, its natural resources gets special perplexity from the managing bodies, where as educated tourism developers knows the value of a natural resource and keeping this in mind they prevent any misuse or damage to it.According to Swarbrooke (1999) the term sustainable tourism can be defined as the approach towards tourism in which more focalisation is shown in preservation of the natural resources in a way that they can be consumed by the present generation and can be maintain for the future generation as well.Tourism can therefore no longer be seen as a harmful factor to environment. Economically, galore(postnominal) an(prenominal) areas in the world have benefitted from tourism and savings are taking place on a higher level in umpteen countries.There is an urgent need to understand the relationships between tourists, tourism and the environment. Many new forms of tourist consumption revolve around environmental quality and the remark for nature. One more reason for the negative impression of tourism might be th at it is difficult to disentangle the impact of tourism from other forms of economic activity in certain destination areas. Shaw g., Williams A.M. (2002)Numerous examples and case studies are available where tourism has proven a saviour to drowning economies, along with economical benefits it is helpful in urbanisation of dead towns. Due to tourism many businesses develop and people get employed, on a social level tourism keeps all communities together and connected. Any tourists social involvement and habits are controlled by the behaviour in which s/he is coming from and an brainwave can be developed in order to gain positive response from tourists. Appropriate educational information system towards environment is rising as very useful tool.How tourism can enhance environmental conservation-If tourism destroys the environment with negative impacts, it also plays a very loose mathematical function in the preservation of the natural environment of the destination areas. As touri sm industry benefits from the tourism sites, it should be its morally responsible to take a pivotal role in the conservation of the natural setting from which it gets benefits. An appropriate and well managed tourism approach can reduce the disheartened impact of tourism on the natural environment.Appropriate use of get revenue- Though the profits earned from the tourism conduct is the major ploughshare of the tourism trade to the efforts of preservation of the environment, educating the tourist is also an essential aspect in the effort of conservation of the natural environment. The revenue earned from various tourist activities brings in the wealth which enables organisations to focus on the conservational efforts. Without the money, conservation process is nothing. Though, concern must be taken to see that the managers of such destinations or sites are not tempted to enlarge the misfortune upper limit as the money starts to flow, thinking that the money thus earned from touri st activities like entry fees will be enough to address the very issues caused by the increased visitation. If this persuasion is not overlooked, than the natural environment will meet more thereby negating the effective use of money from tourism for the conservation of the environment. The conservationists who have the expertise and authority should make an effort to take control and focus on the maintenance of the environment.Developing eco-tourism- Another most important method is to bring a change from the basic idea of mainstream formal tourism. This can be achieved by propagating the initiative of sustainable tourism and eco-tourism which are far more environmental friendly and aims at nourishing both the external and the internal environment of the destination. Adopting the idea of such forms of tourism plays a significant role in the conservation of the natural environment. Fundamental principles of these forms are inclined towards reducing the ill effects of tourism on th e environment without compromising the value of experience that the visitors can get from visiting the sites.In further part of this essay I have mentioned and elaborated how this skip over tourism is developing these days.Sound planning- Sound environmental management of tourism amenities like resorts and hotels can enhance the benefits to natural areas requirement is heedful planning of tourism victimisation which is based on the environmental resources lively in the destination area. For example clearing of vast areas of vegetation or forest to build resorts, holiday retreats, etc and changing of the landscape to appear more appealing to the tourist. While doing this, the natural environment or to be nice the biodiversity or the ecology of the area is being affected. So care should be taken to see that tourism development causes least impact on the environment. This again can be done by creating eco friendly resorts or buildings which will have the least impact on the surrou ndings. Tourism also has the potential of raising cognisance of the environmental problems among the people by carry them into close contact with the surroundings. Tourism cannot be sustainable if the surroundings or the environment of the destination is not sustainable in itself.Developing sensation among tourists- Conservationists should offer means by which people using the particular destination, both locals and tourists can be made aware of the importance of maintaining the environment. In fact they can encourage the people to contribute towards maintaining the environmental balance. Conscious effort to transform and develop the destination should be the aim of the environmentalists and the development projects, keeping in mind the positive possibility as well as the downfall of the environment with extreme tourism. A way in which tourism can contribute to the conservation process is by having an appropriate mechanism for the dealing with pollution and sewages generated from tourism activities. Various means can be used to minimise the impact of tourism on the environment. Appropriate reading material can remove negative facts of the site and educate and inform the tourist on the diverse aspects related to the environment. This can lead to the visitors greater understanding of the environment and thus act in a more responsible manner and hence minimise the impact caused by them. Implementation of visitation limits, proper rules regulations and mentioning the environmental issues caused by tourism at its early deliver can imply a big difference in the conservation of the natural environment.Helping wildlife preservations- Tourism also plays a vital role in the preservation and bulwark of various species of endangered species which is a vital part of the natural environment. Nature loving tourists visit wildlife reserves and in doing so contribute to the conservation process. Tourism can play major role in the conservation process in various other way s. The tourism industry can also organise campaigns to raise awareness of the environmental issues affecting nature or wildlife and in doing so can also make up a good image which has been a good deal criticised in the last few decades for the negative impacts it has caused to the wildlife destinations.Alternate tourism is developing- A new breed of tourists is developing called eco-tourists and sustainability came in light in 80s due to previously happened mass destruction in environmental resources. Sustainable emergence concept came in attention from 1980s and in March 1980, populace Conservation Strategy (WCS) was prepared. IUCN, UNEP, WWF, FFO and UNESCO joined hands for worlds living resources. WCS was a conservation strategy where ecosystem degradation-destruction, deforestation, desertification, pollution, soil erosion and genetic diversity and extinction of species and many related issues were in discussion.The relationship between economic development and the conservat ion and sustenance of natural resources is concept of sustainable development. Though these thoughts were already in air from many years at that time but WCS discussed many drastic changes happening to environment and WCS was proven as a bridge over between prior thoughts and later actions. Another major outcome was geological formation of WCED ( demesne bursting charge on environment and development) in 1983, Gro Harlem Brundtland (PM Norway) was appointed chairperson for this commission and in 1987 he publicised a report known as Brundtland Report (Our Common Future) in which Sustainability were originally popularised-Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (According to WCED 198743) cited in Hall, C.M. and Lew, A.A. 1998Certainly sustainability consists of strategy making, preservation of ecological processes, protection of heritage and biodiversity, futuristic foc used productivity and balance between social behaviour and environment. Along with the global acceptance of International tourism, sustainability also got recognise as a key element towards long term unspoilt policies along with saving limited resources. Destination areas have developed to gentle all these travellers, and receiving them and catering their needs has also become part of a daily routine.Development is a highly contested concept and since the warrant World War debates over what it is, and how to achieve it, has gone through a number of phases. International tourism has been a global phenomenon from centuries, but that case of tourism for mass consumption dates back to the mid-19th century, when a specific servicing sector devoted to the mass consumption of travel emerged, roughly match to the development of mass production in the industrial sector. Harrison, D. (ed.) (2001)As people are not tends to be flexible when it comes to implementing rules and regulation, especially when visitors are on holidays, Author B Wheeller describes in his words. And what sort of touristic approach is needed is Tourism at one with nature non-consumption, non-exploitative, avoiding degradation and destruction of the environment, but sooner tourism in harmony, in balance with nature Wheeller, B. (1994)Conclusion base upon the statements and codes-of-conduct developed by tourism stakeholders, that the environment has been placed on the adumbrate as a major concern of how tourism is to be developed potentially.Thus all these negative and positive effects of tourism on the environment, brings us to a conclusion that tourism can be treat in negative as well as positive aspect in regards to the environment. The negative impacts can be reduced by taking initiative towards conserving natural resources. There are various tools that can be used to protect the environment like collecting income in the form of taxes. All these examples however show us a positive picture about how the tourism industry and the environment are co-dependent to each other for their mutual existence. Though there are many negative aspects to tourism, we can still say that tourism has the tools to protect, preserve and enhance natural resources and the environment. and then Tourism and natural environment can both co-exist and be inversely beneficial to each other if the tourism industry has the willingness to pull in full support to the conservation efforts of the natural environment. In doing so, it can help maintain the environment and also recover from the negative image that it has built up for itself during the last few decades. Proper and efficient planning and management accompanied by strict implantation, strict rules and regulations, proper interpretation, propagating the idea of sustainable consumption, well planned eco tourism and sustainable tourism and educating the tourist and making them aware of the impacts of their actions which may have negative impac ts on the environment are some of the few ways in which tourism sector can contribute in the conservation process of the natural environment. There cannot be a limit to the extent tourism can contribute to the process and there cannot be an end to its contribution towards environmental conservation because as long as tourism exists, the negative impacts of tourist will be evident on the natural environment. There is no doubt accept the fact that tourism brings in money. But even then, care must be taken to make sure that the economic growth brought by the tourism industry must contribute to the natural environment processes and the sustainable use of natural resources.Academic ReferencesBrunn and Kalland (19951) cited in Holden, A. (2008) Environment and Tourism (2nd edition), Routledge)Bull (19911) cited in Holden, A. (2008) Environment and Tourism (2nd edition), Routledge)Franklin (200333) cited in Holden, A. (2008) Environment and Tourism (2nd edition), Routledge)Hall, C.M. and L ew, A.A. 1998. The geographics of sustainable tourism development an introduction. Harlow Longman.Harrison, D. (ed.) (2001) Tourism and the Less Developed World Issues and Case Studies. Wallingford CABI. Ch. 1.Holden, A. (2008) Environment and Tourism (2nd edition), Routledge.Hunter, C. and Green, H. (1995) Tourism and the Environment A sustainable relationship? Routledge, London.Shaw G., Williams A.M. (2002) 2nd ed. Critical issues in tourism a geographic perspective Oxford.Swarbrooke, J. (1999) Sustainable Tourism Management. CABI Publishing, Wallingford.Wheeller, B. (1994) Egotourism, sustainable tourism and the environment a symbiotic, symbolic or shambolic relationship? in A.V. Seaton et al., eds. Tourism The present of the Art, Wiley, Chichester.